Biorefineries For Biomass Upgrading Facilities
Climate change, environmental impact and declining natural resources are driving scientific research and novel technical solutions. Green Energy and Technology serves as a publishing platform for scientific and technological approaches to "green" - i.e.,
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Ayhan Demirbas
Biorefineries For Biomass Upgrading Facilities
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Ayhan Demirbas, Professor of Energy Technology Sila Science and Energy Trabzon Turkey
ISSN 1865-3529 ISBN 978-1-84882-720-2 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-721-9 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-721-9 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009935957 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Cover design: WMXDesign, Heidelberg, Germany Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and value-added chemicals from biomass. The bio refinery concept is analogous to today’s crude oil refineries, which produce multiple fuels and products from petroleum. The goal in biorefining is to isolate all the added value from the biomass feedstock, resulting in little or no waste. This will not only improve the economics so that such processes can compete with the petrochemical industry, but will also lower the overall environmental impact. A biorefinery can also be defined as a facility that produces food, feed, materials, chemicals, power and/or heat from biomass. By producing multiple products, a biorefinery can take advantage of the differences in biomass components and intermediates, and maximize the value derived from the biomass feedstock. Biofuels appear to be a “greener” energy substitute for fossil fuels. Since biofuels are renewable, carbon neutral, and available throughout the world, they could contribute to sustainable development and global environmental preservation. The production of liquid hydrocarbon fuels for the transportation sector is of importance for continued vitality of our industrialized society. Research is being conducted worldwide to develop new technologies for the generation of liquid fuels from renewable resources. Currently, biodiesel is produced by trans
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