Biosorption of Phenolic Compounds in Lignocellulosic Biomass Biorefineries
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Biosorption of Phenolic Compounds in Lignocellulosic Biomass Biorefineries Marina B. M. Ribeiro 1,2 & Juliana V. Freitas 1,2 & Francisco G. E. Nogueira 1 & Cristiane S. Farinas 1,2 Received: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The phenolic compounds released during the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass negatively affect the saccharification and alcoholic fermentation process. Therefore, the development of strategies to minimize the negative impact of the released inhibitory compounds is key to improve the overall yield and techno-economic viability of future biorefineries. This work proposes the use of Aspergillus niger biomass as a low-cost biosorbent for removal of the phenolics released during liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse. Such approach would be advantageous given that fungal microbial biomass could be readily available in biorefineries, as a co-product of the in-house production of cellulolytic enzymes. Three types of A. niger biomass powders were used for adsorption of vanillin (monomer), tannic acid (oligomer), and total phenolics from the LHW pretreatment liquor. A 98% removal of tannic acid was obtained by the biosorbent treated with sodium hydroxide, while adsorption of vanillin was lower, with removal of around 30%. Removal of around 40% was obtained for the total phenolics present in the LHW pretreatment liquor, resulting in a remarkable 50% increase of glucose release in the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse. These findings showed the potential of using the fungal biomass as cost-effective biosorbents for removing the inhibitors released in the pretreatment process and improving the conversion efficiency in biorefineries. Keywords Fungal biomass . Biosorbents . Inhibitors . Enzymatic hydrolysis . Biorefinery
Introduction The continuous growth of the global population and increased demand for food, energy, and water represents a major challenge for the world in the coming decades. Consequently, the use of renewable sources has become a focus of scientificindustrial attention and is demanded by society [1]. Biorefineries can supply much of this requirement for energy and bio-based products in an environmentally sustainable way by using renewable lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock, contributing to the emergence of a low carbon economy [2]. Sugar compounds released from non-food lignocellulosic biomass have been considered a potential production platform for a broad spectrum of chemicals and fuels through chemical or biological catalytically driven processes [3]. * Cristiane S. Farinas [email protected] 1
Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
2
Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil
The current technologies for processing of lignocellulosic biomass in biorefineries, employing the biochemical route, involve a pretreatment step to increase the access of
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