Broadband supercontinuum generation based on filled structural photonic crystal fibers with low incident optical power
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Broadband supercontinuum generation based on filled structural photonic crystal fibers with low incident optical power Jianhua Li1 · Jingyuan Wang1 · Yichao Teng2 · Zhiyong Xu1 · Jun Cheng3 Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Highly nonlinear photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) can be used as a kind of new ways to realize the supercontinuum generation because of their highly nonlinear effects. Based on a type of material-filled method and structure, novel highly nonlinear PCFs are proposed to compare with the conventional highly nonlinear fiber for supercontinuum generation in this manuscript. The nonlinear coefficient and supercontinuum spectra varying with different parameters such as the hole-diameter, the hole-pitch and the refractive index of the filled material are investigated respectively and analyzed numerically. Even if lower incident optical power is used on the designed PCFs than that on the conventional fiber and the previous proposed PCFs, broadband supercontinuum can still be obtained easily from highly nonlinear effects. The results demonstrate that it is possible for this kind of novel PCFs to achieve the maximum 450 nm supercontinuum spectra, even though it is only 50-cm-long fiber and pumped by substantially lower incident optical power of 1.5 W near the wavelength of 1.55 µm. Keywords Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) · Supercontinuum generation · Highly nonlinear effects · Finite-element method (FEM) · Plane-wave expansion method (PWE)
* Jianhua Li [email protected] * Jingyuan Wang [email protected] 1
College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
2
College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
3
College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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1 Introduction Supercontinuum generation is widely used in many kinds of applications such as spectroscopy (Holzwarth et al. 2000; Shen et al. 2018), nonlinear microscope (Dupont et al. 2012), pulse compression (Dudley et al. 2006; Travers et al. 2011), high resolution optical coherent tomography (Hartl et al. 2001; You et al. 2016; Yamanaka et al. 2016), frequency metrology (Schliesser et al. 2012), and etc. It has attracted great research interests since it was first reported (Alfano and Shapiro 1970). Normally, the supercontinuum generation is based on highly nonlinear effects of optical fiber system (Agrawal 2000). It is usually realized by using conventional highly nonlinear optical fibers which have small mode area or highly nonlinear material in the core of the fiber. Recently, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have drawn the attention of the researchers after they were proposed by Knight et al. (1996, 1998), due to their unique features such as endlessly single mode transmission, dispersion tailoring and management, highly modal bi
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