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Cell Therapy Against Cerebral Stroke

Kiyohiro Houkin • Koji Abe • Satoshi Kuroda Editors

Cell Therapy Against Cerebral Stroke Comprehensive Reviews for Translational Researches and Clinical Trials

Editors Kiyohiro Houkin Department of Neurosurgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo, Japan

Koji Abe Department of Neurology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Okayama, Japan

Satoshi Kuroda Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmace Department of Neurosurgery Toyama, Japan

ISBN 978-4-431-56057-9 ISBN 978-4-431-56059-3 DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-56059-3

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016963678 © Springer Japan KK 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Japan KK The registered company address is: Chiyoda First Bldg. East, 3-8-1 Nishi-Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0065, Japan

Preface

Discouragement and Hope My senior colleagues and I have opened the door to preventing and minimizing the occurrence of stroke by developing drugs such as antiplatelet agents, antihypertension medications, and many other drugs that suppress the risk factors of stroke. Consequently, we have successfully reduced the occurrence of stroke. It may sound somewhat pessimistic, but I believe that the reduction of the occurrence of stroke by these drugs has reached a plateau. In other words, stroke is still a leading cause of death and disability and will continue to be. Quite unfortunately, in spite of intensive basic and clinical research, few treatment options exist once stroke occurs. That is, we cannot always favorably change the clinical course of patients with stroke. Only one pivotal change of strategy has taken place recently, which is the use of t-PA and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) with endovascular techniques. However, as is well known, the number of patients who are fortunate enough to receive t-PA and MT is limited.