Characteristics of silver powders synthesized from silver 2-ethylhexanoate and Di-n-octylamine
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Characteristics of silver powders synthesized from silver 2-ethylhexanoate and Di-n-octylamine Ying-Jung Chiang & Sea-Fue Wang & Chun-An Lu & Hong-Ching Lin & Lu-Chih Wang & Ying-Zi Ding
Received: 26 November 2012 / Accepted: 22 February 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract Uniform spherical submicron silver powders were synthesized from a long-chain alkyl carboxylate of silver 2-ethylhexanoate and an alkylamine of di-noctylamine in this study. The decomposition of silver 2ethylhexanoate was observed to accelerate significantly in the presence of di-n-octylamine. SEM results revealed that submicron silver powders with sizes ranging from 200 nm to 300 nm and a high tap density of 4.0 g/cm3 were successfully prepared at 150 °C for 3 h in air. TGA reveals that approximately 1.2 wt.% organic residues composed mainly of 2-ethylhexanoate with a slight amount of di-n-octylamine were attached to the silver particles, as confirmed by the FTIR and XPS results. To evaluate the feasibility for practical applications, silver paste prepared from the silver powders synthesized in this study (NAG 80 paste) was examined and characterized, and the results were compared with those of two commercially available powders (SF80 and GH67 pastes). The electrical resistivities of the NAG80 films fired at 300 and 500 °C respectively read 1.8×10−5 Ω-cm and 1.1×10−5 Ω-cm, both superior to those of the SF80 and GH67 films. The fine quality of the uniform submicron spherical silver powders was verified and its potential use in thick film conductors confirmed. Keywords Silver powder . Metallo-organic decomposition . Thick film conductors Y.-J. Chiang : S.-F. Wang (*) Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] C.-A. Lu : H.-C. Lin : L.-C. Wang : Y.-Z. Ding Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
1 Introduction Silver and copper are the most commonly used conductive materials in electronic products [1]. Though cheaper than silver, copper is easier to be oxidized and less reliable. Silver particles with sub-micron or nano-scaled size have many unique optical, electrical, thermal, and catalytic properties [2–5] for extensive applications. Silver as a noble metallic material possesses the best electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity; on account of its surface plasmon resonance optical property, silver has been used for surfaceenhanced Raman scattering [6]. In addition, silver particles with excellent antibacterial property [7, 8] can be ionized and released from the cell after killing the bacteria. There are various methods reported in the literature for synthesizing fine silver powders, such as reverse micelles process, ultrasonic irradiation, hydrothermal techniques, thermal decomposition, mechanochemical process, salt reduction, and solvothermal method [9–15]. Most synthetic met
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