Chlorella vulgaris biomass production using brewery wastewater with high chemical oxygen demand
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Chlorella vulgaris biomass production using brewery wastewater with high chemical oxygen demand Julieta Lois-Milevicich 1 & Nahuel Casá 1 & Paola Alvarez 1 & Ricardo Mateucci 1 & Víctor Busto 1,2 & Marina de Escalada Pla 1,3,4 Received: 11 December 2019 / Revised and accepted: 26 May 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of the work was to use an effluent with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) from small brewery as substrate for the production of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. A non-axenic strain from a Patagonian river was employed, and the effects of COD and pH value on the microalga growth were studied through a central composite design. A medium with COD 18300 mg O2 mL−1 and initial pH: 6.5 optimized microalga growth. With the optimal condition, C. vulgaris adapted rapidly to medium and stationary phase was attained at 75 h. Moreover, lack of illumination did not affect μmax, neither final biomass concentration, while supplementation with BG11 enhanced the biomass productivity at 0.47 ± 0.07 g L−1 h−1, and pigment contents at least four times respect to the heterotrophic mode. For the first time, a brewery wastewater with high COD could be successfully used as substrate for C. vulgaris production, without presenting inhibitions, which represents a significant advance contributing toward more sustainable promising perspectives. Keywords Microalgae . Valorization of waste . Optimal conditions . Growth kinetics . Biomass productivity
Introduction Microalgae have been studied due to their promising role in the development of more sustainable processes. One of the genera with the greatest number of possible applications is Chlorella. The biomass obtained from its harvesting can have different uses, as nutritional supplement for animals, obtaining
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02163-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Marina de Escalada Pla [email protected] 1
Centro de Tecnologías Químicas, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad Regional Buenos Aires (FRBA), Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
2
Instituto de Nanobiotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, (NANOBIOTEC – UBA/CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
3
Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos y Procesos Químicos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, (ITAPROQ-UBA/CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
4
Departamento de Industrias, FCEN, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, 1482 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
lipids for biodiesel, extracellular polymers, bio fertilizer, among others (Raposo et al. 2010; Mata et al. 2012; Song et al. 2013; Xiao and Zheng 2016). The main components of Chlorella species are proteins (≈ 42–58) %, lipids (12–55) %, and carbohydrates (5–40) %, which can vary depending on the conditions of cultivation. The genus Chlorella is the most promising as Chlorella species are suitable for heterotrophic cultivat
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