Chloroplast DNA phylogeography of the Holly mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius in the Indo-West Pacific
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PRIMARY RESEARCH PAPER
Chloroplast DNA phylogeography of the Holly mangrove Acanthus ilicifolius in the Indo-West Pacific Wuxia Guo . Achyut Kumar Banerjee Weixi Li . Yelin Huang
. Wei Lun Ng . Yang Yuan .
Received: 19 April 2020 / Revised: 21 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Acanthus ilicifolius is a widespread mangrove species in the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) with high ecological value. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of genetic variation in the species across its distribution range and assessed factors that may have influenced its genetic structure across the IWP using data from four chloroplast DNA fragments. Our results demonstrated high genetic diversity at the species level with little variation within populations, indicating restricted gene flow among A. ilicifolius populations. Strong genetic divergence was found between populations in the Indian Ocean and populations in the Pacific Ocean, likely due to the land barrier effect of the Malay Peninsula (or in the past, the
Sundaland). Ecological niche modeling revealed no significant niche differentiation between the two groups, suggesting that ecological divergence was less responsible for the divergence of A. ilicifolius. Despite the ability for long-distance dispersal, genetic barriers identified within the Pacific Ocean suggested ocean currents to be a cryptic barrier for gene flow in this region. This study provides new insights into the historical population dynamics of mangrove species in the IWP region and is valuable for the long-term conservation of A. ilicifolius. Keywords Genetic diversity Genetic structure Genealogy Phylogeographic subdivision Ecological niche modeling
Handling editor: Emily M. Dangremond W. Guo Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, Guangdong, China W. Guo A. K. Banerjee Y. Yuan W. Li Y. Huang (&) State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] W. L. Ng China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia
Introduction Mangroves are one of the dominant intertidal ecosystems along the tropical and subtropical coastlines (Tomlinson, 2016). They are of great ecological and economic importance for balancing the coastal ecosystem, sequestering carbon, purifying water, providing habitats for marine life and protecting coastlines (Barbier et al., 2011). However, mangrove resources are severely depleted due to overexploitation and natural ecological events in many parts of the tropics (Umali et al., 1987; Duke et al., 2007), and
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Hydrobiologia
proper management of mangrove resources have become an urgent task (Minobe et al., 2010). Understanding the patterns and factors affecting the distribution and different
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