Comparative bioefficacy of Bacillus and Pseudomonas chitinase against Helopeltis theivora in tea ( Camellia sinensis (L.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Comparative bioefficacy of Bacillus and Pseudomonas chitinase against Helopeltis theivora in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze M. Suganthi1,2 • S. Arvinth1,4 • P. Senthilkumar3
Received: 28 May 2020 / Revised: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 Ó Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society 2020
Abstract Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze) is an industry-oriented economical crop in India. Among the sap sucking pests, tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora) is one of the most serious pests causing heavy crop loss in tea plantation. Continuous use of chemical pesticides causes environmental pollution and health hazards besides developing pesticide residues in tea powder. The control of pests by bacterial metabolite is an alternative that may contribute to reduce or eliminate the chemical pesticide use. The use of chitinase as a biological control is an emerging field of research. In the present study, Chitinase (* 25 kDa) was purified from Bacillus cereus C-13 strain using gel-filtration chromatography and further characterized for its optimum pH, temperature and substrate specificity. Bioefficacy of chitinase from B. cereus C-13 was compared with our previously reported Pseudomonas fluorescens MP-13 chitinase against H. theivora. Result concluded that, 100% and 78% mortality was observed by using P. fluorescens MP-13 chitinase and B. cereus C-13 chitinase, respectively. In future, bacterial chitinase can be utilized in eco-friendly pest management strategies. & P. Senthilkumar [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, UPASI Tea Research Institute, Valparai, Tamilnadu 642 127, India
2
Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600 117, India
3
Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Potheri, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu 603 203, India
4
Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641 004, India
Keywords Agriculture Bacterial metabolite Crop loss Mortality Pest management
Introduction In India, tea Camellia sinensis [L.] 0. Kuntz has a special place as an export-oriented economical crop. Tea is the most popular non-alcoholic beverage consumed worldwide, produced by processing the tender tea leaves and young buds. Being a monoculture nature of tea, it provides an appropriate environment for insect feeding. Tea mosquito bug (TMB), Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae), is one the most serious pests of tea plantation in India, also called as polyphagous pest since it affects a number of economically important crops in India. Nowadays, H. theivora has become the central problem in tea plantations. It attacks only the tender shoots for feeding and egg laying that is the actual crop of tea production. Crop loss due to H. theivora infestation is * 17%, occasionally crop loss is near total in case of severe infestation (R
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