Determination of Theanine and Catechin in Camellia sinensis (Kangra Tea) Leaves by HPTLC and NMR Techniques
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Determination of Theanine and Catechin in Camellia sinensis (Kangra Tea) Leaves by HPTLC and NMR Techniques Dinesh Kumar 1 & Ashu Gulati 2 & Upendra Sharma 1
Received: 2 July 2015 / Accepted: 18 October 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract Camellia sinensis is used to make special tea and also become a raw material for dietary supplements, health foods, and cosmeceuticals. Theanine (amino acid) and catechins (polyphenol) are most abundantly found in tea leaves. Theanine and catechins are also responsible for taste and flavor of tea products along with therapeutic and nutritional values. Hence, identification and quantification method for theanine and catechin has been developed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and NMR techniques. HPTLC method was validated for selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. Theanine and catechin were quantified in three tea samples including randomly plucked tea leaves (HAR), authentically plucked tea leaves (HAN), and processed tea (HAT). Both theanine and catechin were found maximum in HAN as compared to HAR and HAT. The
Highlights •Development of HPTLC-based validated method for the quantification of theanine and catechin in Camellia sinensis •Metabolic profiling of Camellia sinensis using NMR •Quality control method for Camellia sinensis and its products Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12161-015-0343-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Validated HPTLC method is economical, rapid, and highly suitable for quantification of theanine and catechin. Moreover NMR studies were also used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of theanine and catechin along with other important metabolites in C. sinensis samples. Keywords High performance thin layer chromatography . Quality control . Theanine . Catechin . Camellia sinensis
Abbreviations HPTLC high performance thin layer chromatography LOD limit of detection LOQ limit of quantification NPnormal phase-high performance thin layer HPTLC chromatography HAR randomly plucked leaves from the tea farm HAN fresh leaves plucked by authentic method from the farm HAT processed tea leaves TH theanine CH catechin
* Dinesh Kumar [email protected]; [email protected]
Introduction
* Upendra Sharma [email protected]
Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze have been used to make special tea and recommended as the most popular beverages around the globe. Over 300 different kinds of tea are available worldwide and Kangra tea available in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India, is one of them. C. sinensis is used to make health foods, dietary supplements as well as cosmetic items. C. sinensis have also been reported for immunomodulatory, lipid lowering, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-
1
Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176 061 (HP), India
2
Hill Area Tea Science Division
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