Comparison of Viromes in Ticks from Different Domestic Animals in China
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Comparison of Viromes in Ticks from Different Domestic Animals in China Tingting Zhao1 • Haiyan Gong2 • Xiaojuan Shen1 • Wen Zhang4 • Tongling Shan2 • Xiangqian Yu3 Seong Jin Wang1 • Li Cui1
•
Received: 8 May 2019 / Accepted: 11 December 2019 Ó Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS 2020
Abstract Ticks are involved in the transmission of various arboviruses and some tick-borne viruses pose significant threats to the health of humans or livestock. This study aimed to investigate the geographical distribution of tick species and tickassociated viruses in central and eastern China. Total 573 ticks from domestic animals including dogs, sheep and cattle were collected in 2017. Two genera of ticks were identified including Rhipicephalus and Haemaphysalis. Sequencing was performed on Miseq Illumina platform to characterize the tick viromes from the four different sampling locations. Following trimming, 13,640 reads were obtained and annotated to 19 virus families. From these sequences, above 37.74% of the viral reads were related to the RNA viruses. Virome comparison study revealed that the tick viral diversity was considerably different in the two identified tick genera. The viral diversity of R. microplus was significantly different from that of other Rhipicephalus species. On the other hand, substantial overlap in viral species was observed between the same genera. In addition, we found no evidence that the natural host played a major role in shaping virus diversity based on the comparison of their viromes. Rather, the geographic location seems to significantly influence the viral families. Phylogenetic study indicated that the novel negative-sense RNA viruses identified in this study was closely related to Bole tick virus 1 and 3 viruses. In conclusion, the present study provides a baseline for comparing viruses detected in ticks, according to species, natural hosts, and geographic locations. Keywords Ticks Viral metagenomics Virome
Introduction
Tingting Zhao and Haiyan Gong these authors contributed equally to this work. & Li Cui [email protected] 1
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2
Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
3
Shanghai Pudong New District Center for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201299, China
4
School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 2012013, China
Ticks (Parasitiformes order, Ixodidae family) act as parasites as well as vectors of pathogens for humans, domestic animals, and wildlife, such as Borrelia duttoni, Babesia, African swine fever virus, Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, and Nairobi sheep disease virus (Dantas-Torres et al. 2012; Luo et al. 2015; Shi et al. 2018). However, in addition to their role as transmission vectors, ticks h
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