Enhanced Bioethanol Fermentation by Sonication Using Three Yeasts Species and Kariba Weed ( Salvinia molesta ) as Biomas
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Enhanced Bioethanol Fermentation by Sonication Using Three Yeasts Species and Kariba Weed (Salvinia molesta) as Biomass Collected from Lake Victoria, Uganda Moses Katongole Kityo 1,2,3 & Inyung Sunwoo 1,4 & So Hee Kim 1 & Yu Rim Park 1 & Gwi-Teak Jeong 1 & Sung-Koo Kim 1 Received: 10 December 2019 / Accepted: 12 March 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Kariba weed (Salvinia molesta) was used as biomass feedstock for ethanol production by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). Monosaccharides from Kariba weed hydrolysate were produced using thermal acid hydrolysis, sonication, and enzymatic saccharification. The optimal conditions for thermal acid hydrolysis of 12% (w/v) Kariba weed slurry were evaluated as 200 mM HNO3 at 121 °C for 60 min yielding 10.2 g/L monosaccharides. Sonication for 45 min before enzymatic saccharification yielded more monosaccharides to 18.7 g/L. Enzymatic saccharification with 16 U/mL Cellic CTec2 produced 35.4 g/L monosaccharides. Fermentation was performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces marxianus, or Pichia stipitis with sonicated Kariba weed hydrolysate. The control fermentations were carried out using Kariba weed hydrolysate without sonication. The improvement of ethanol production from sonicated Kariba weed hydrolysate using P. stipitis produced 15.9 g/L ethanol with ethanol yield coefficient YEtOH = 0.45, K. marxianus produced 14.7 g/L ethanol with YEtOH = 0.41. S. cerevisiae produced the lowest yield of 13.2 g/L ethanol with YEtOH = 0.37 as it utilized only glucose not xylose. Sonication of Kariba weed was essential in the ethanol production to enhance the productivity of monosaccharides. P. stipitis was determined as the best yeast species using hydrolysates with the mixture of glucose and xylose to produce ethanol. Keywords Bioethanol . Kariba weed . Sonication . Fermentation
Moses Katongole Kityo and Inyung Sunwoo are co-first author
* Sung-Koo Kim [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction The increasing issues on global climate change, fossil fuel combustion coupled with increasing environmental pollution are a threat to the earth’s future. Without the action on emissions control, dangerous interference in the climate system will be experienced towards the middle of the twenty-first century, despite the constraints imposed by the exhaustion of fossil fuels [1]. To develop an alternative renewable fuel source to alleviate any potential energy crisis and further global warming is essential for all lives on earth [2]. Previous research has shown that bioethanol is a potential substitute for liquid fossil fuels as a renewable fuel [3, 4] Bioethanol can be produced from different biomass sources, including crops or lignocellulosic biomass [3, 5]. However, the increased demand for food resources with a finite availability of arable land makes their use for bioethanol production unsustainable and morally rejected [6].
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