Extraction of polysaccharides from brown algae: rheological studies
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Extraction of polysaccharides from brown algae: rheological studies Soumia Zaim1,2 · Abdelhadi Mortadi1 · Fatima Chibi2 · El Houssine Benchennouf2 · Wafaa Arsalane2 · Omar Cherkaoui3 · Halima Rchid2 · Rachid Nmila2 · Reddad El Moznine1 Received: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2020
Abstract Various species of polysaccharides were extracted from algae collected from the west coast of Morocco. This area is known for its abundance of various species of algae. The polysaccharides of three species, Sargassum muticum, Cystoseira myriophylloides and Cystoseira baccata were selected and their rheological properties were evaluated at different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9% by w/v) and in the temperature range from 10 to 60 °C. FTIR analysis of these polysaccharides was also carried out to identify the functional groups and its analysis revealed the presence of uronic acid groups. These polysaccharides showed non-Newtonian behavior. The evolution of the apparent viscosity as a function of shear rate was described by the power-law model. The values of the flow behavior index were less than unity at high concentration. The consistency coefficient greatly increased. The non-linearity was increased with concentration and it was characterized by a power law, basically for Cystoseira myriophylloides and Cystoseira baccata. Besides, the flow behavior temperature dependence was characterized by the Arrhenius model to extract the activation energy. The values of the activation energy were found between 11.28–13.76 kJ/mol, 15.29–17.67 kJ/mol, and16.83–17.98 kJ/mol for Sargassum muticum, Cystoseira baccata and Cystoseira myriophylloides, respectively. Keywords Rheology · Cystoseira myriophylloides · Sargassum muticum · Cystoseira baccata · Flow behavior index · Consistency coefficient
Introduction Polysaccharides have gained great interest in various fields such as the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry, etc. They are exploited as stabilizers/gelling agents, thickeners, emulsifiers, and texture modifiers [1]. The polysaccharides extracted from natural resources have attracted more attention, thanks to their non-cytotoxic properties and diverse beneficial effects on the skin in the pharmaceutical domain
* Soumia Zaim [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Laboratory Physics of Condensed Matter (LPMC), Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El‑Jadida, Morocco
2
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Valorization of Vegetal Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El‑Jadida, Morocco
3
Laboratory REMTEX, ESITH (Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries), 20230 Casablanca, Morocco
[2]. They are obtained from different sources such as animals, plants, or marine environments. Morocco is rich in various species of algae, but it needs valorization and preservation. The exploitation of the seaweed sector in Morocco is insufficiently developed, and it is mainly based on the exploitation of crude material. Fo
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