Cooperation in Primates and Humans Mechanisms and Evolution
Cooperative behavior has been one of the enigmas of evolutionary theory since the days of Darwin. The contributions to this book examine the many facets of cooperative behavior in primates and humans. Some of the world’s leading experts summarize and revi
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Cooperation in Primates and Humans Mechanisms and Evolution
Peter M. Kappeler Carel P. van Schaik (Eds.)
Cooperation in Primates and Humans Mechanisms and Evolution With 61 Figures and 18 Tables
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Professor Dr. Peter M. Kappeler Department of Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology German Primate Center (DPZ) Kellnerweg 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
Professor Dr. Carel P. van Schaik Anthropological Institute and Museum University of Zürich Winterthurerstr. 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
Cover: Gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) mother with infants, Forêt de Kirindy, Madagascar, © Manfred Eberle, www.phocus.org
ISBN-10 ISBN-13
3-540-28269-6 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 978-3-540-28269-3 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
Libary of Congress Control Number: 2005930634 This work is subjekt to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publications does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Editor: Dr. Dieter Czeschlik, Heidelberg Desk Editor: Anette Lindqvist, Heidelberg Typesetting: Satz-Druck-Service, Leimen Cover-Design: design & production, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper 31/3151Re
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Preface
Cooperative behavior is a hallmark of the primate order. Cooperation is therefore an area of intensive theoretical research in biology, anthropology, political sciences and economics, as well as a salient feature of the socially complex societies of humans and primates, where a large body of observational and experimental data has accumulated. This volume features a summary of recent work and progress in these related areas, integrating inter-related theoretical problems and their evolutionary and proximate solutions by humans and primates for the first time. Cooperation refers to social interactions characterized by costs to an actor and benefits to other conspecifics. Because such behavior is, at first glance, difficult to reconcile with the selfish drive to maximize individual fitness, cooperation pose
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