Damage quantification in Physalis peruviana L. infected by the new putative sobemovirus physalis rugose mosaic virus
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Damage quantification in Physalis peruviana L. infected by the new putative sobemovirus physalis rugose mosaic virus Eduardo Silva Gorayeb 1 & Amanda Savi 1 & Mayra Juline Gonçalves 1 & Clenilso Sehnen Mota 2 & Cileide Maria Medeiros de Souza 1 & Danielle Ribeiro de Barros 3 & Amauri Bogo 1 & Ricardo Trezzi Casa 1 & Fabio Nascimento da Silva 1 Received: 27 September 2019 / Accepted: 13 April 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Fitopatologia 2020
Abstract A putative new virus, physalis rugose mosaic virus (PhyRMV), has been reported more frequently in Physalis peruviana associated with severe symptoms. In this study the damage caused by sap-inoculated PhyRMV in P. peruviana was assessed based on the comparison of host vegetative and reproductive parameters between virus-infected and healthy plants. Infected plants confirmed using molecular assays, showed a reduction in growth, leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA) and relative chlorophyll content. PhyRMV-infected plants yielded 70% less fruit of general lower quality parameters, except for pH, compared with the healty plants. Finally, seeds from PhyRMV-infected plants showed a reduced germination rate and, in accelerated aging assay, vigor of seeds were also significantly reduced. Keywords Cape gooseberry . Sobemovirus . PhyRMV . Symptomatology . Seed quality
Introduction The cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), member of the Solanaceae family, is a shrub native to the Andean region of South America, that has increased in importance since the first commercial production in the 1980s in Colombia (Fischer and Miranda 2012; Fischer et al. 2014). Although P. peruviana was first cultivated in Brazil in 1999 and expanded throughout the highland regions of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, it is still considered an emerging crop (Muniz et al. 2014). Such status is due to a lack of studies on crop development, especially with regard to the damage by viral diseases (Eiras et al. 2012; Fariña et al. 2018, 2019).
Section Editor: Juliana Freitas-Astua * Fabio Nascimento da Silva [email protected] 1
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, Santa Catarina 88520-000, Brazil
2
Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rio do Sul, Santa Catarina 89163-356, Brazil
3
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul 96160-000, Brazil
Despite the documentation of several viruses infecting P. peruviana reported worldwide (Da Graça et al. 1985; Prakash et al. 1988; Thomas and Hassan 2002; Salamon and Palkovics 2005; Trenado et al. 2007; Gámez-Jiménez et al. 2009; Perea et al. 2010; Aguirre-Ráquira et al. 2014; Gutiérrez et al. 2015; Kisten et al. 2016), only three viruses are known to infect P. peruviana in Brazil. Two of them belong to genus Orthotospovirus: 1) tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), which was detected in the state of Rio Grande do Sul causing dwarfing, mosaic, necrosis, and leaf distortion (Eiras et al. 2012), and 2) groundnut ring spot virus (GRSV), which is known to cause chlorotic spots and concentric rings on the leaves (Fariña et
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