Data Transmission Mechanism in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks with Mobile Sink
In traditional wireless sensor networks, the sensed data will be forwarded to sink by multi-hop, so that the hot spot problem will happen on the nodes near the sink. The power consumption of these nodes is higher than others, these nodes will be dead soon
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Abstract In traditional wireless sensor networks, the sensed data will be forwarded to sink by multi-hop, so that the hot spot problem will happen on the nodes near the sink. The power consumption of these nodes is higher than others, these nodes will be dead sooner. It leads to the network lifetime decreasing. We proposed a data transmission mechanism using mobile sink to solve this problem. We use two threshold values to prevent data overflow. If the data buffer of cluster head exceed to 1st threshold, the node will call sink to come and transmit data. If the sink didn’t arrive the transmission range of the node, and the data buffer exceed to 2nd threshold. Instead of forwarding data to sink directly by multi-hop, we use forwarding data to cluster head of neighboring cluster to help buffer the exceeded data. It can decrease the number of node which has to help to help to forward data, so that it can decrease the power consumption of network, and prolong the network lifetime. Keywords Wireless sensor networks Cluster head Network lifetime
Multi-hop Sink Hot spot Overflow
Y.-H. Wang (&) Y.-J. Lin S.-W. Tsao Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] Y.-J. Lin e-mail: [email protected] S.-W. Tsao e-mail: [email protected]
Y.-M. Huang et al. (eds.), Advanced Technologies, Embedded and Multimedia for Human-centric Computing, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 260, DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7262-5_52, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
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Introduction In the operation of the wireless sensor network, how to response the sensed data to the sink is one of the most important issues [1–4]. In the network environment of traditional wireless sensor network, sensors near the sink have to forward the sensed data of other sensors frequently, so the power consumption of these nodes is very seriously. It may lead to sensor dead sooner. This phenomenon is called hot spot problem. To solve the hot spot problem, [5] it has proposed a lot of paper which use mobile sink to solve this problem recently [6, 7]. With the movement of the sink, the neighbor node of the mobile sink will be different, so it can balance the power consumption. In cluster based wireless sensor network system, the sensed data is forwarded to cluster head, and transmit to sink when the sink is in the transmission range of the cluster head. Because the number of sensors in each clusters are different, so the amount of transmitted data in each cluster are different too. However, before mobile sink moves to the destination node, it will lead to data overflow because of the data transmission too much, that will make data loss [6]. To avoid data loss which is because of data overflow, the exceeded data has to transmit to sink before data overflow, but it has to consume additional power to transmit data. So we propose a mechanism to control the data amount of the cluster head. We use two threshold
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