Detection of Irradiated In-Shell Peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea ) by Screening PPSL and Confirmatory TL Luminescence Methods
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Detection of Irradiated In-Shell Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) by Screening PPSL and Confirmatory TL Luminescence Methods J. Roman-Lopez 1 & I. B. Lozano 2 & J. A. I. Diaz-Góngora 2 & J. I. Guzman-Castañeda 3 & E. Cruz-Zaragoza 4 Received: 14 December 2018 / Accepted: 2 June 2019 / Published online: 12 June 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract In this work, the luminescence methods of pulsed photo-stimulated luminescence (PPSL, as screening) and thermoluminescence (TL, as confirmatory) were used for identification of non-irradiated and low-dose irradiated (1–5 kGy) in-shell peanuts from light emissions of silicate minerals incorporated in the shell. The minerals were irradiated with 90Sr beta particles, 60Co and 137Cs gamma rays. Screening PPSL response detected peanut shell as irradiated from 80 Gy for 60Co and 30 Gy for 137Cs gamma rays. Irradiated (60Co and 137Cs) peanut shell samples were positively detected with PPSL after 4.5 and 14 months. A complex TL glow curve composed of at least two maxima was exhibited by the minerals. Using the TL1/TL2 ratio, the in-shell peanuts were identified as irradiated from 50, 120, and 100 Gy of 90Sr, 60Co, and 137Cs radiation, respectively. Moreover, the TL glow curve shape was also used to identify the peanut shell minerals as irradiated at lower dose of radiation. After 34 days of storage, the peanut shell minerals showed enough TL emissions for their identification as irradiated. Keywords In-shell peanuts . Confirmatory TL . Screening PPSL . 90Sr beta radiation . Gamma rays
Introduction Peanut production around the world represents an important contribution to the global economy since this nut is cultivated in at least four continents (America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania) because of its nutritional composition and as a valued source of high-quality oilseed (Fletcher and Shi 2016; Zhao et al. 2012). Peanuts contain a variety of nutrients such as amino acids, lipids, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals,
* J. Roman-Lopez [email protected] * I. B. Lozano [email protected] 1
CONACYT-Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P.70-543, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
2
Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria, 11500 Ciudad de México, Mexico
3
Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Edificio 6, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico
4
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P.70-543, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
carbohydrates, and other components, which are good for the body and health (Francisco and Resurreccion 2008; K l e v o r n a n d D e a n 2 0 1 8 ; S et t a l u r i e t a l . 2 0 1 2 ) . Commercially, peanut products can be found as raw shelled peanuts, edible peanut oil, butter, roasted snack peanuts as well as peanut confections, such as chocolate bars, shortbread, cookies, a
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