Determination of 6-Benzylaminopurine in Bean Sprouts by Capillary Electrophoresis Compared with HPLC
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Determination of 6-Benzylaminopurine in Bean Sprouts by Capillary Electrophoresis Compared with HPLC Yanru Man 1 & Ming Shu 1 & Dan Wang 1 & Feng Luan 1 & Huitao Liu 1 & Yuan Gao 1
Received: 2 January 2016 / Accepted: 21 March 2016 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract A simple capillary electrophoresis (CE) method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) for the analysis of 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) was developed. Separation conditions were obtained in the sodium phosphate buffer solution (20 mM and pH 2.0), with 25 kV applied voltage and UV detection at 274 nm. Amiloride hydrochloride (AM) was used as an internal standard. Under the selected conditions, electrophoretic analysis was completed in less than 7 min, with LOD and LOQ of 19 and 65 ng mL−1 for 6-BAP. The method was successfully applied to determine 6-BAP in bean sprouts with RSD lower than 3.6 % and the recoveries from 95.0 to 103.4 % for the spiked samples. Comparative experiments were also carried out with HPLC-UV method described in National Standards of People’s Republic of China. The validation results of the two methods are comparable, but the proposed CE method was found to be simple, rapid, allowing separation and analyte quantification in shorter time, and the reagent consumption was reduced.
Keywords Capillary electrophoresis . High performance liquid chromatography . 6-benzylaminopurine . Bean sprouts . Solid-phase extraction
* Huitao Liu [email protected] * Yuan Gao [email protected]
1
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People’s Republic of China
Introduction 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) is one of the most important classes of plant hormone cytokinins that derived from adenine with ring substitutions at the N6-position as shown in Fig. 1. It plays various important functions in inhibiting the degradation of chlorophyll (Costa et al. 2005), promoting cell division, and delaying leaf senescence (Chalupa 1987; Duncan and Widholm 1988; Khalid 2011). As a growth regulator, it is commonly used in plant tissue culture and has been widely used in promoting the growth of bean sprouts in the past few years. Recently, the physiology of 6-BAP has been studied extensively (Holub et al. 1998; Imin et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 1987), but the physiological function to the plant and biological activity of 6-BAP or its derivatives in human cancer cells are still largely undefined (Doležal et al. 2006). In China, General Administration of Quality Supervision has forbidden the usage of 6-BAP as food additive since November 14, 2011. Thus, the rapid analysis of 6-BAP is of great importance and significance in the field of food safety. Nowadays, the most commonly used method for the determination of 6-BAP is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC) (Dong et al. 2014; Jin et al. 2007; Lee et al. 2014; Novák et al. 2003; Wang et al. 2015; Wang 2008; Wu et al. 2014). However, it requires substantial sample purification and organic reagents which is time consuming and uneco
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