Development and validation of a short 31P cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy protocol
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BioMed Central
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Development and validation of a short 31P cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy protocol Sairia Dass*1, Lowri E Cochlin2, Cameron J Holloway2, Joseph J Suttie1, Andrew W Johnson2, Damian J Tyler2, Hugh Watkins3, Matthew D Robson1, Kieran Clarke2 and Stefan Neubauer1 Address: 1OCMR, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK, 2Department of Physiology, University of Oxford, UK and 3Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, UK * Corresponding author
from 13th Annual SCMR Scientific Sessions Phoenix, AZ, USA. 21-24 January 2010 Published: 21 January 2010 Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2010, 12(Suppl 1):P123
doi:10.1186/1532-429X-12-S1-P123
Abstracts of the 13th Annual SCMR Scientific Sessions - 2010
Meeting abstracts - A single PDF containing all abstracts in this Supplement is available here. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/files/pdf/1532-429X-11-S1-infoThis abstract is available from: http://jcmr-online.com/content/12/S1/P123 © 2010 Dass et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Introduction Cardiac 31P-MRS is the only non-invasive in vivo technique for the determination of cardiac high energy phosphate metabolism. Changes in cardiac phosphocreatine to adenosine triphosphate ratios (PCr/ATP) occur in common cardiac pathologies and have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic utility. However, long acquisition times (20 minutes or more, depending on heart rate) required to achieve sufficient signal to noise ratios for reliable interpretation have limited the clinical utility of 31P-MRS studies in patients with severe cardiac disease. We have developed an 8 minute 31P-MRS protocol and demonstrate the validity of this 'short' acquisition by comparison with a 'long' (at least 20 minutes) method of published reproducibility (Tyler, NMR Biomed:2008).
Purpose To design a robust, 'short' cardiac 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P- MRS) protocol which facilitates acquisition within a clinically acceptable timeframe.
Methods Protocol development This 'short' protocol essentially incorporates a larger voxel (93 mls compared to 39 mls for 'long' protocol) but eliminates extra myocardial contamination by:
• active suppression of chest wall muscle and liver signals, • raw data acquisition weighted to reduce contamination arising from outside the nominal voxel. The accuracy of the data and its interpretation is improved by: • optimised radio frequency (RF) pulse, • flip angle calibration (at voxel of interest) used during post-processing to calculate and correct for subject variation to coil loading. • calibrated signal enhancement (Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)), • rapid repetition time (with calibrated saturation correction). Validity 22 healthy volunteers (age 42 ± 16.5; 13 males, 9 females), were scanned (3 T Siemens Trio) with both the 'long' and 'short' acquisitions.
Acquisition parameters for both protocols are summarised and compared in Table 1.
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