Development of microsatellite markers in an ungulate mammal, the Formosan serow ( Capricornis swinhoei )
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Development of microsatellite markers in an ungulate mammal, the Formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoei) Y. Y. Chang • M. C. Chao • S. T. Ding E.-C. Lin • H. S. Tsao • H. W. Yuan • P. H. Wang
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Received: 23 February 2012 / Accepted: 19 March 2012 / Published online: 4 April 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract Sixteen microsatellite markers were isolated from Formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoei) to compose a new marker set. Analysis of the Formosan serow population in the Taipei zoo yielded a mean number alleles = 6.4 with a range from 3 to 11, and the mean of the effective number of alleles = 3.6 with a range from 2.0 to 6.1. In the marker set, there were 14 markers with high polymorphism (PIC [ 0.5), and the average HE and HO over all loci was 0.642 and 0.701, respectively. The results showed that the new marker set was not only highly polymorphic but also powerful in the individual and parentage identification compared to the existing cross-species markers. In conclusion, the markers developed in this study could be applied as molecular tools to investigate the genetic structure or phylogeny of the Formosan serow in the future. Keywords Formosan serow Genetic structure Selective hybridization Microsatellite markers
The Formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoei) is a rare and indigenous species on the main island of Taiwan. It has a goat-like appearance. Actually, the Formosan serow is one Y. Y. Chang S. T. Ding E.-C. Lin P. H. Wang (&) Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 50, Lane155, Sec. 3, Keelung Road, 10637 Taipei, Taiwan e-mail: [email protected] M. C. Chao H. S. Tsao Taipei Zoo, No. 30, Sec. 2, Xinguang Road, 11656 Taipei, Taiwan H. W. Yuan School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
member in the genus Capricornis, which belongs to Caprinae of the Bovidae, where in classification has been problematic for several years (Chikuni et al. 1995; Min et al. 2004). In its conservation history, the Formosan serow was designated as a vulnerable species from 1988 to 2008 because of habitat loss and population decrease by logging and hunting. In recent years, several studies have shown that because of the wide distribution in the field, the conservation status has been changed to Least concern in 2008 (IUCN 2011). It is important to obtain genetic information for the Formosan serow to draft appropriate conservation strategies. Currently, there are only microsatellite markers from the goat (International Society for Animal Genetics, ISAG) and Korean goral (An et al. 2005), both related species, but the genotyping results suggest the information may be insufficient to investigate genetic structure in the Formosan serow because of a low amount of polymorphism in the cross-species markers (unpublished data). To investigate the genetic structure of the Formosan serow, it is necessary to develop species-specific microsatellite markers. The development of m
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