Drying kinetics of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) and Brinjal ( Solanum melongena ) using an indirect type solar dryer
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ORIGINAL
Drying kinetics of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Brinjal (Solanum melongena) using an indirect type solar dryer and performance parameters of dryer Abhay Lingayat 1 & Chandramohan V. P. 1
&
Raju V. R. K. 1 & Suresh S. 2
Received: 9 May 2019 / Accepted: 7 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and brinjal (Solanum melongena) are food products that are frequently wasted in Indian markets as their shelf lives are only a few days. An indirect type solar dryer (ITSD) has been developed. It’s performance and drying kinetics of brinjal and tomato slices have been analyzed. The moisture content of tomato decreased from 15.667 to 0.803 kg/kg of dry basis (db) and that of brinjal reduced from 10.111 to 0.498 kg/kg of db. The drying curve was fitted with the different models of existing studies. The average effective moisture diffusivity is estimated and it is 3.60 × 10−9 and 4.00× 10−9 m2/s for tomato and brinjal, respectively. Mass transfer coefficient was in the range of 0.82 × 10−4 to 2.85 × 10−3 m/s for tomato and 1.11 × 10−4 to 3.32 × 10−3 m/s for brinjal. The heat transfer coefficient was in the range of 0.089 to 2.888 W/m2 K and 0.1066 to 3.3564 W/ m2 K for tomato and brinjal, respectively. The activation energy for tomato and brinjal was 21.19 and 19.46 kJ/mol, respectively. The average thermal efficiency of the collector and dryer was 59.05% and 31.4% during tomato drying and 58.42% and 25.16% for brinjal drying, respectively. Keywords Indirect type solar dryer . Solar air collector . Thermal efficiency . Drying efficiency . Heat and mass transfer coefficients . Diffusion coefficient
Nomenclature a, b A Am Cp DAB Deff Do db E h hm
coefficients. Area (m2). surface area of the material (m2). specific heat at constant pressure (kJ/kg K). moisture diffusivity of water in air (m2/s). Effective moisture diffusivity (m2/s). Pre-exponential factor (m2/s). Dry basis. Activation energy (kJ/mol). Heat transfer coefficient, (W/m2K). Mass transfer coefficient (m/s).
* Chandramohan V. P. [email protected] 1
Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu 620015, India
H I Ic ITSD ka k, g L Le m ṁa MC MR N n Q R Rg RH SAC T V wb
Latent heat (kJ/kg). total solar energy (kW). solar radiation on the collector (W/m2). Indirect type solar dryer. Thermal conductivity of drying air (W/m K). drying constants (h−1). Thickness of the sample material (m). Lewis number. Mass (kg). mass flow rate (kg/s). moisture content (kg/kg of dry basis). moisture ratio. total number of observations. number of constant. heat energy (kJ). Correlation coefficient. universal gas constant (J/ mol K). Relative humidity (%). Solar air collector. Temperature (°C). Volume of the material (m3). Wet basis.
Heat Mass Transfer
X1, X2,X3,Xn Uncertainties of independent variables. Z Uncertaint
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