Effect of (co)polymers based on methacrylic acid on the state of cells of the immune system
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Effect of (co)polymers based on methacrylic acid on the state of cells of the immune system* O. V. Zhukova,a S. D. Zaitsev,b S. A. Ryabov,b E. V. Arkhipova,a T. F. Kovaleva,a and I. V. Mukhinaa,b aPrivolzhsky
Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 10/1 pl. Minina i Pozharskogo, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation. Phone: +7 (831) 465 0927. E-mail: [email protected] bNational Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 prosp. Gagarina, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
A series of methacrylic acid co(polymers) were obtained using various reversible chain transfer agents. The molecular weight characteristics of the synthesized (co)polymers were determined using gel permeation chromatography. In vitro studies showed the absence of cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds against immune cells (peritoneal macrophages) and the absence of an effect on the functional activity of the cells. Key words: methacrylic acid (co)polymers, molecular weight characteristics of (co)polymers, macrophages, cytotoxicity, phagocytic activity, immune system.
The increase in the efficacy of antitumor therapy, extension of the range of therapeutic doses of currently used drugs, increase in the drug selectivity, decrease in the drug toxicity, elimination of multiple drug resistance, and stimulation of the immune system of tumor carriers to activate their own resources for the fight against cancer are up-to-date challenges of modern medicine and science as a whole. The currently used antitumor drugs with proven clinical efficacy such as doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin are toxic against both cancer and normal tissues. Polymeric systems incorporating antitumor drugs increase the selectivity (specificity) of these drugs for tumor cells. While searching for carriers for drug immobilization, most researchers focus attention on biopolymers.1 However, available synthetic analogs are not inferior and, in some cases, even superior to biopolymers.2 (Meth)acrylic (co)polymers represent an example of such synthetic polymers.3 In recent years, synthetic polymers have found wide use in biomedicine.4 In particular, nanogels for drug delivery have been prepared on the basis of polyacrylic acid.5 Recently, copolymer of polymethacrylic acid with polyethylene glycol has been synthesized and studied as a part of magnetic nanoparticles for the delivery of cisplatin (a potent anticancer drug without a selective action).6 It was found that the antitumor activity is higher and the toxicity is lower for cisplatin incorporated in the nanoparticles in comparison with pure cisplatin. The study * Based on the materials of the XXI Mendeleev Congress on General and Applied Chemistry (September 9—13, 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia).
did not identify a considerable increase in the cisplatin concentration in the tumor; this indicates that the enhancement of the antitumor action is due to mechanisms other than increased accumulation of cisplatin in the tumor. Data on drug delivery systems b
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