Effect of different inocula of Meloidogyne incognita and Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi with and without Rhizobium legumi
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of different inocula of Meloidogyne incognita and Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi with and without Rhizobium leguminosarum on growth, chlorophyll, carotenoid and proline contents of pea Deeksha Kashyap1 · Zaki A. Siddiqui1 Received: 6 August 2019 / Revised: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 30 April 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract Pathogenicity tests on pea (Pisum sativum L.) were conducted using 00, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 second stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita and 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 40.0 ml of Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi (1.2 × 1 05 colony forming units/ml) per kg soil both with and without root nodule bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum. Plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of pea progressively decreased with the corresponding increase in the inoculum of each pathogen both with and without R. leguminosarum. However, statistically significant reductions in the growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents over control both with and without R. leguminosarum were found only when 2000 or more J 2 of M. incognita or 10 ml and or more inoculum of P. syringae pv. pisi per kg soil were inoculated. Moreover, percent reduction in growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid caused by M. incognita or P. syringae pv. pisi were less in plants with R. leguminosarum than in its absence. Maximum reduction in growth parameters, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents was observed at the highest inoculum of both test pathogens in the absence of R. leguminosarum. Root nodulation was very less in plants without R. leguminosarum. High root nodulation was observed in plants with R. leguminosarum but nodulation was decreased with the increase in inoculum of test pathogens. Significant reduction in root nodulation was found when 2000 J 2 or more inoculum of M. incognita or 10 ml or more inoculum of P. syringae pv. pisi were inoculated. However, Proline contents were progressively increased with the corresponding increase in the inoculum of each pathogen both in plants with and without R. leguminosarum. Increase in proline contents was greater in plants with R. leguminosarum than plants without R. leguminosarum. The multiplication of M. incognita was found density dependent. However, an increase in the number of root galls occurred with the increase in the nematode inoculum. Nematode multiplication and galling decreased in plants with R. leguminosarum. Bacterial blight indices increased with the increase in the inoculum of P. syringae pv. pisi. Bacterial blight indices were 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 at 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 ml of P. syringae pv. pisi. Keywords Bacterial blight · Pisum sativum · Root-knot · Root nodulation
Introduction Pisum sativum L. is known as green pea or garden pea belongs to family Fabaceae. It contains fiber, protein, starch, trace elements, and many phytochemical substances. (Rungruangmaitree and Jiraungkoorskul 2017). Pea also contains nonnutritive biologically active components (Rungruangmaitree and Jiraungkoorskul 2017). It also has the
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