Effective removal of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ pollutants from wastewater by dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effective removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ pollutants from wastewater by dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption Qinghao Jin1,2, Chenyang Cui1,2, Huiying Chen (✉)1,2, Jing Wu1,2, Jing Hu1,2, Xuan Xing1,2, Junfeng Geng3, Yanhong Wu (✉)1,2
1 College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China 2 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China 3 Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, BL3 5AB Bolton, UK
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
• Dielectrophoresis (DEP) process could enhance the removal the Cd2+ and Pb2+ with less absorbent. • The removal rates of both Cd2+ and Pb2+ increased with the increase of voltage. • The overall removal rate of Cd2 + and Pb2+ in the binary system is higher than that of Cd2+ or Pb2+ in the single system. • DEP could cause considerable changes of the bentonite particles in both surface morphology and microstructure.
ARTICLE INFO Article history:
Received 24 December 2017 Revised 14 September 2018 Accepted 10 October 2018 Available online 10 January 2019 Keywords: Adsorption Dielectrophoresis Heavy metals Cadmium Lead Wastewater
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ABSTRACT Dielectrophoresis (DEP) was combined with adsorption (ADS) to simultaneously and effectively remove Cd2+ and Pb2+ species from aqueous solution. To implement the process, bentonite particles of submicro-meter size were used to first adsorb the heavy metal ions. These particles were subsequently trapped and removed by DEP. The effects of the adsorbent dosage, DEP cell voltage and the capture pool numbers on the removal rate were investigated in batch processes, which allowed us to determine the optimal experimental conditions. The high removal efficiency, 97.3% and 99.9% for Cd2+ and Pb2+, respectively, were achieved when the ions are coexisting in the system. The microstructure of bentonite particles before and after ADS/DEP was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Our results suggest that the dielectrophoresis-assisted adsorption method has a high capability to remove the heavy metals from wastewater. © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Introduction
Heavy metals in industrial wastewater have long been considered as a serious threat to our ecosystem. In the family of heavy metals, cadmium and lead are two most commonly encountered pollutants due to their wide
✉ Corresponding authors E-mail: [email protected](Chen H Y); [email protected](Wu Y H)
applications in the manufacture of batteries, alloys, electroplated products, and pigments (Copello et al., 2012; Rao and Kashifuddin, 2014; Mahmoodulhassan et al., 2015; Peng et al., 2017). An excessive level of cadmium ions (Cd2+) in water can seriously endanger the bio-systems (Kumar et al., 2012). Cadmium toxicity may cause adverse health effects such as bone lesions, cancer, lung insufficiency and hypertension (Bedoui, et al., 2
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