Effects of chemical sterilization of the culture media, porous membranes and luminosity on in vitro culture of Eucalyptu
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effects of chemical sterilization of the culture media, porous membranes and luminosity on in vitro culture of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla Letícia Vaz Molinari1 · Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza1 · Maria Lopes Martins Avelar1 · Sérgio Bruno Fernandes1 · Douglas Santos Gonçalves1 · Júlio Cézar Tannure Faria1 · Dulcineia de Carvalho1 · Gilvano Ebling Brondani1
Received: 10 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 July 2020 © Northeast Forestry University 2020
Abstract Hybrid combinations of Eucalyptus have increased due to expansion of plantations into unconventional areas and to the search for higher quality timber. However, most of these species have difficulties surviving in vitro cultivation. Active chlorine and sealing systems are often used to reduce contamination and increase gas exchange. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the establishment, multiplication, elongation and adventitious rooting of E. grandis × E. urophylla. Two clones (C1 and C2) and four active chlorine concentrations (0.000%, 0.001%, 0.003%, and 0.005%) were tested in the establishment and multiplication phases. Three sealing forms (W/M, 1/M and 3/M) and the same four active chlorine concentrations were applied to the elongation phase. Two luminosities (dark and light) and three sealings (W/M, 1/M and 3/M) were tested during adventitious rooting. Active chlorine concentration of 0.005% led to the lowest fungal contamination rate and to the highest in vitro establishment. Active chlorine concentration of 0.003% resulted in the greatest length and highest Project funding: This work was carried out with the support of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brazil (CAPES), the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas (FAPEMIG). The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com. Corresponding editor: Yanbo Hu. * Letícia Vaz Molinari [email protected] * Gilvano Ebling Brondani [email protected] 1
Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
number of shoots per explant in the multiplication phase. There were no phytotoxicity problems and the quality of plants grown in an environment with active chlorine was maintained in comparison with those grown in an autoclave. The increase in gas exchange in ventilation systems had a positive impact on the in vitro growth and development of plants. Keywords Asepsis · Cloning · Gas exchange · In vitro propagation
Introduction Eucalyptus is the most cultivated genus by the forestry sector and has been widely studied to maximize plant production by using its species and hybrid combinations. Eucalyptus grandis Hill (ex. Maiden) hybridization with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake has led to excellent wood quality and growth outcomes, as well as to efficient and easy vegetative propagation (Trueman et al. 2018). Micropropagation based on the proliferation of axillary buds has been recommended
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