Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future Perspectives
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REVIEW
Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future Perspectives Junhao Niu 1 & Chang Liu 1 & Mingli Huang 1 & Kezhong Liu 1 & Dongyun Yan 1 Received: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers promotes high-yield agriculture, but is also associated with a number of problems, such as low fertilizer utilization rates, soil acidification, and soil salinization. Comprehensive studies have shown that spraying chelated fertilizer on leaves can reduce the total amounts of fertilizer applied and achieve high fertilizer efficiency. Foliar fertilizer application after soil fertilization is an effective method to increase the contents of trace elements in crops and crop yield, and to improve the soil environment. However, the application of inorganic foliar fertilizer results in difficulties in nutrient absorption and migration in plants. Chelated foliar fertilizers are effective for improving element utilization efficiency, crop yield, and quality. The physicochemical properties, molecular structure, chelating strength, and chelating rate of chelating agents modulate the effects of application of nutrients. This study reviews and discusses the effects and problems associated with sugar alcohol–containing chelated fertilizers and foliar fertilizers. Keywords Foliar fertilization . Chelated fertilizers . Nutrient uptake and utilization . Crop quality . Soil salinity
1 Introduction In the world, 20% of cultivated land and 33% of irrigated land are salt-affected and degraded (Almeida Machado and Serralheiro 2017), which affect the availability and supply of soil nutrients to crops, resulting in a reduction of both yield and quality, and it has been one of the most important factors contributing to crop losses worldwide (Litalien and Zeeb 2020). In order to increase production, more chemical fertilizers are applied to soil, but due to inappropriate application of mineral nutrients, soil degradation, including acidification, secondary salinization, nutrient imbalance, and an abnormal accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), is common in soils (Cai 2019), with secondary salinization being the most prominent of these phenomena (Yu et al. 2005). Therefore, to alleviate the adverse effect of soil salinization and degradation on crop yield and quality, avoid secondary salinization, and promote sustainable agriculture, a knowledge-based fertilization method is needed.
* Dongyun Yan [email protected] 1
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
Fertilization methods can be divided into root fertilization and foliar fertilization ones, according to the way by which crops absorb nutrients. The utilization of soil fertilizer nutrients is affected by a number of factors, including soil temperature, humidity, salinity, and microbiota (Li et al. 2009). When inorganic salts are applied alone or in combinatio
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