Efficiency of polyurethane elastomer containing sulfonated groups as chain extender in removing Malachite green
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Efficiency of polyurethane elastomer containing sulfonated groups as chain extender in removing Malachite green Fatemeh Mojerlou1 · Mehdi Barikani2 · Moslem Mansour Lakouraj1 · Vahid Hasantabar1 Received: 28 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2020
Abstract A novel type of polyurethane elastomer (PUE) containing nanocomposites of sodium alginate thiacalix[4]arene macrocycles including sodium alginate-thiacalix[4]arene and sodium alginate-tetra-sulfonated thaiacalix[4]arene (SA-TSTCA) was prepared. The key role of these nanocomposites merged into polyurethane elastomers is to function as chain extenders. To provide profound insight into the structural, thermal, mechanical, morphological and hydrophilic properties of the samples, several techniques were employed, namely Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Also the results were compared with the results of polyurethane elastomer based on glycerol (Gly) as chain extender. The results showed that the samples extended with nanocomposites as chain extender have better thermal and mechanical properties and between them the PUE containing SA-TSTCA showed higher thermal and mechanical properties. Furthermore, these elastomers have been used as adsorbent for removal of Malachite green (MG) for investigation of the effect of sulfonated groups introduced on the chain extender. The results revealed that SA-TSTCA-based polyurethane elastomer nanocomposite could well adsorb Malachite green from aqueous media by a batch adsorption method. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were employed to provide an in-depth study of the adsorption capacity of MG, suggesting that its adsorption onto PUE/SA-TSTCA elastomer was in accordance with pseudo-second-order kinetic process. A possible mechanism of adsorption was suggested where π–π stacking interactions, H-bonding interaction and electrostatic attraction controlled the MG adsorption. Keywords Polyurethane elastomers · Dye removal · Sodium alginate · Thiacalix[4]arenes · Malachite green
Introduction Due to ever-increasing rate of industrial pollution, the amount of heavy metal ions and dyes released in the environment is highly induced [1]. Dye pollution is harmful for lentic life and living organisms even if the dye contact is short. Several industries such as food, textile, paper, printing, cosmetics, dyestuff, leather, pigments and medical industries usually use dyes as their daily products, by-products or reagents adding risk to the concern of poisoning the water resources.MG is well applied in dying some materials such * Mehdi Barikani [email protected] 1
Department of Polymer Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, 47416 Babolsar, Iran
Department of Polyurethane and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, 14965‑115 Tehran, Iran
2
as cotton, silk, leather, paper and it is b
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