Electrochemical Preparation of Silver Polyacrylate Solutions Intended for the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
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ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION OF SILVER POLYACRYLATE SOLUTIONS INTENDED FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES І. P. Mertsalo,1, 2 А. S. Мazur,1 О. І. Kuntyi,1 and H. І. Zozulya1 By using the method of cyclic voltammetry, we study the anodic dissolution of silver in a sodium polyacrylate (NaPA) solution. The influence of the concentration of NaPA, temperature, and рН value of the solution on the electrochemical characteristics of silver in the process of its polarization in a solution is investigated. It is shown that, for E = 0.3–1 V, the dissolution currents of silver become much stronger as the polyacrylate concentration increases. The diffusion character of anodic currents within the temperature range 20–50°С is established. It is discovered that, under the conditions of cathodic polarization ( E = 0.15 V), silver ions are reduced with the formation of nanoparticles (7–10 nm). We propose to use the procedure of anodic dissolution of silver in order to get polyacrylate complexes of silver, which are precursors for the synthesis of stabilized silver nanoparticles. Keywords: silver, sodium polyacrylate, anodic dissolution, cyclic voltammetry.
Introduction Electrolysis proves to be a promising method for synthesis of colloid solutions of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to the extensive possibilities of affecting the process of formation of their geometry [1−6]. Moreover, this method makes it possible to minimize the composition of electrolyte, which contains only a surfactant and a compound of the reduced metal. Therefore, obtained solutions of stabilized nanoparticles do not contain toxic impurities, which enables us to treat this electrochemical synthesis as a “green technology.” In order to guarantee constant and, at the same time, low concentration of silver ions, which is one of the main requirements for getting nanoparticles of given shapes and sizes, electrolysis is carried out with soluble anodes [3–9]. The use of anodes of this kind also does not require any additional introduction of Ag(I) compounds into the electrolyte. Aqueous solutions used for the synthesis of AgNPs almost always contain surfactants whose molecules play the role of stabilizers of nanoparticles. Since the electrochemical synthesis is performed for рН > 7, the passivation of anode is possible as a result of the following electrochemical reaction [10]:
2Ag + 2OH – → Ag 2O + H 2O + 2e .
(1)
It seems likely that, for this reason, some authors [3, 5] synthesize AgNPs under the conditions of alternating polarity. 1 2
“L’vivs’ka Politekhnika” National University, Lviv, Ukraine. Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected].
Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 96–102, September–October, 2019. Original article submitted December 21, 2018. 716
1068-820X/20/5505–0716
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Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
ELECTROCHEMICAL PREPARATION OF SILVER POLYACRYLATE SOLUTIONS INTENDED FOR THE SYNTHESIS
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If the electrolyte contains surfactants whose molecules or ions have electrodonor atoms, then
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