Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Control of Biodeterioration
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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Control of Biodeterioration M.A. Martínez Gómez1, M.C. González Chávez1, J.C. Mendoza Hernández2, R. Carrillo González1 1
Colegio de Posgraduados, Campus Montecillo, km 36.5. Carretera México-Texcoco, C.P. 56230, Texcoco, Mexico. e-mail: [email protected] 2 Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 4 sur 104. C.P. 72000, Puebla, Mexico.
ABSTRACT Chemical and biological deterioration of surfaces of historic constructions is one of the main causes of destruction of cultural heritage buildings. Effective techniques are searched in order to control the biofilm development of cultural heritage without damaging the environment. Nanotechnology is an emerging option with several applications, including those for improving stability and corrosion resistance in surfaces. Production of nanomaterials from organic nature or green synthesis offers ecological advantages such as low environmental impact. This paper proposes the use of silver nanoparticles of biological synthesis as an alternative for control of microorganisms that cause biodeterioration. The present study highlights the effect of these nanoparticles in the inhibition of bacterial growth. These particles were produced by biological synthesis with Tecoma stans L. extracts. Their characterization included analysis UV / Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size distribution. INTRODUCTION Nanoparticles of noble metals such as gold, silver and platinum are applied in a wide human range of devices. They are used in different human activities and released to the environment. The chemical approach is the most popular method of synthesis and stabilization of nanoparticles, some of these methods cannot avoid the use of toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocol. The use of nanoparticles ranges from pharmaceutical to environmental issues. For this reason, they should be environmental friendly from their synthesis to disposal; this means, to use low amounts of chemicals during their production [1]. Currently, the green technology has been accepted since its important increasing development in the 90's [2]. In this way, biological methods are an ecological alternative to these processes because microorganisms and plants can be used in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Thus, an increasing number of studies propose the use of plant extracts for the synthesis of nanoparticles because this kind of extracts contain natural precursors, as proteins [3]. The phytochemical components confer to the nanoparticles stability and durability for longer periods [4, 5]. The formation process and properties of nanoparticles can be explained by the phytochemical characteristics and optimal concentration of aqueous extracts. On the other hand, monuments and cultural heritage are liable to be affected by natural and artificial degradation process. Once the ancient buildings are uncovered or exposed to the moisture and temperature variation during seasons, biodeterioration increases until color of walls changes or even the surf
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