Electrode material containing carbon nanotubes and its kinetic characteristics of oxygen electroreduction
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Electrode material containing carbon nanotubes and its kinetic characteristics of oxygen electroreduction Nadezhda V. Glebova1 · Andrey A. Nechitailov1 · Anna Krasnova1 Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In this article, we report on the study of the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode material of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a functional additive in the oxygen reduction reaction. The data of appraisal by the methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), differential thermal analysis, cyclic and direct voltammetry on a stationary and rotating disk electrode are given. The results showed that the material has a higher electrode activity in the presence of oxygen-modified carbon nanotubes, a higher half-wave potential of oxygen electroreduction (610 and 500 mV in the presence and absence of CNTs, respectively), showed a threefold higher density of the kinetic current of oxygen reduction, has a 2.5-fold higher density of exchange current in the oxygen reaction. This can be explained by the effect of oxygen-modified CNTs on the content of surface oxide (PtO); in the presence of CNTs, the PtO content is lower. Keywords CNT · Pt · Kinetics · Energy generation
Introduction As is well known, the increased efficiency of the fuel cell can be achieved by increasing the electrode activity of the electrode material and improving the transport properties of electrodes [1]. In addition, the stability of the electrode characteristics and operation life are important. Moreover, due to the kinetics features of the electrode processes in proton PEM fuel cell, it is usually the cathode that limits its operation [2]. One of the research trends aimed at increasing the efficiency of PEM fuel cell is to use the various forms of nanostructured carbon, such as carbon nanotubes [3], carbon nanofibers (CNFs) [4], graphene-like materials [5–7], etc. Authors of papers * Nadezhda V. Glebova [email protected] 1
Ioffe Institute, Saint‑Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation
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Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
on the use of these carbon materials in electrodes [8–25] note a number of attributes such as high electron mobility and low electrical resistance, relatively high chemical and electrochemical stability, and high specific surface area. Depending on the features of using carbon nanostructured materials (CNMs) described in the scientific literature, several trends stand out namely: the use of CNMs as catalyst carriers [8–10], as materials that modify the structure [11–14] and strength [15–21], as additives that increase electrode activity [22–29, 38, 39]. Thus, in paper [8], multi-walled CNTs are used as a carrier of an oxide catalyst–nickel–cobalt spinel for the reaction of electrochemical oxygen evolution/reduction. The authors obtained the effect of increased electrode activity and stability through th
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