Electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide using a glassy carbon electrode modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide using a glassy carbon electrode modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes and zein nanoparticle composites: application to HepG2 cancer cell detection Hamed Tavakkoli 1 & Morteza Akhond 1 & Gholam Abbas Ghorbankhani 2 & Ghodratollah Absalan 1 Received: 28 June 2019 / Accepted: 6 December 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A nanobiocomposite was prepared from multiwalled carbon nanotubes and zein nanoparticles. It was dispersed in water/ethanol and drop cast onto a glassy carbon electrode. The modified electrode can be used for electroreduction of H2O2 (typically at a working potential of −0.71 V vs. Ag/AgCl). The electrochemical properties of the electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Response to H2O2 is linear in the 0.049 to 22 μM concentration range, and the detection limit is 35 nM at pH 7.0. The sensor was successfully utilized for the measurement of H2O2 in a synthetic urine sample, and for monitoring the release of H2O2 from human dermal fibroblasts and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Keywords Electrochemical sensor . Nanocomposite . Enzyme-free . Carbon nanotubes . Protein based biopolymers . Cancer detection
Introduction Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely used as an oxidizing agent in the chemical and food industries [1]. It is also used as an essential mediator in pharmaceutical and clinical analysis as well as an oxidant agent for liquid-based fuel cells [2]. H2O2 is commonly found as the byproduct of some important redox processes, occurring in environmental and biological systems [3]. It is known that hydrogen peroxide interferes with certain important reactions, such as the chemical oxygen demand, by consuming other oxidation agents, such as potassium dichromate [4]. Due to importance and wide usage of H2O2, numerous analytical techniques have been offered for its identification in different matrices and at different levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-4064-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ghodratollah Absalan [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
2
Division of Biotechnology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441, Iran
These include fluorometry [5], spectrophotometry [6], photoluminescence [7], chemiluminescence [8], and electrochemical methods [9]. Electrochemical sensors are the tools of choice as they offer advantages in terms of costs, simplicity and the capability of being miniaturized when compared with either optical or mechanical sensors [10] Since H2O2 is a key player in intracellular signaling, host defense and phagocytosis [11], there is a great concern when monitoring living tumor cells, using this compound as a reliabl
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