Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Composite Fuzzy Methods

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Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Composite Fuzzy Methods Y. M. Raghavendra1,2   · U. B. Mahadevaswamy3,4

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract Optimization of energy consumption in the batteries of a sensor node plays an essential role in wireless Sensor networks (WSNs). The longevity of sensor nodes depends on efficiency of energy utilization in batteries. Energy is consumed by sensor nodes in WSNs to perform three significant functions namely data sensing, transmitting and relaying. The battery energy in WSNs depletes mainly due to sampling rate and transmission rate. In the present work, the most important parameters affecting the longevity of network are indentified by modeling the energy consumption. The parameters are expressed as a fuzzy membership function of variables affecting the life time of network. Fuzzy logic is used at multiple levels to optimize the parameters. Network simulator-2 is used for experimentation purpose. The proposed work is also compared with the existing routing protocols like Enhanced Low Duty Cycle, Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Sensor Network and Distributed Energy Efficient Adaptive Clustering Protocol with Data Gathering. The proposed solution is found to be more energy efficient and hence ensures longer network lifetime. Keywords  Fuzzy · Life time · Data sensing rate · Data transmission rate · Data relay rate

1 Introduction WSN are applied in many applications like tsunami detection, ocean boarding alarming for fisherman. Typical WSN consist of nodes connected through wireless infrastructure. The nodes scattered with the objective to sense some environment parameters and route these parameters to base station to realize application logic. The sensors are battery powered and energy depletes during the operation of nodes. At one point of time sensors fails to * Y. M. Raghavendra [email protected] U. B. Mahadevaswamy [email protected] 1

Department of ECE, GSSSIETW, Mysore, India

2

VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka, India

3

Department of ECE, SJCE, Mysore, India

4

JSSSTU, Mysore, Karnataka, India



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Y. M. Raghavendra, U. B. Mahadevaswamy

operate due to very low or no battery energy. In most cases sensors are deployed in unattended environment and it may be costly or not possible to replace the sensor nodes [1]. This necessitates prudent use of energy in the nodes so that longevity of network increases. Sensor node is an ultra small power limited device with following four main components. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Sensing component Communication component Power component Control component

Sensing component consists of sensors which sense parameters like temperature, humidity and moisture etc. depending on the application for which it is deployed. Communication component consists of transmitters and receivers for handling data from other devices [2]. Power component consists of battery which supplies energy to rest of the components. Control components consist of programmable micr