Estimating the total economic costs of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cows in Turkey
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Estimating the total economic costs of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cows in Turkey Pınar Ayvazoğlu Demir 1
&
Funda Eşki 2
&
Armağan E. Ütük 3
Received: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the total cost of Neospora caninum infection in cows in Turkey. According to present literature, the mean seroprevalence of infection was estimated as 14.7%. The seropositivity rate of N. caninum in aborted cows was found to be 18%. The financial costs were estimated in US$ at 2019 prices. The total cost of N. caninum infection was estimated at US$710 (438–1043) per a dairy cow and the annual economic costs were estimated at US$40.5 (24.6–60.3) million for Turkey. In this study, the distribution of economic costs caused by neosporosis per cow was determined to be 67.3% for abortion, 16.8% prolonged calving interval, 4.6% milk loss, 3.5% additional artificial insemination, and 7.7% veterinary and diagnostic costs, respectively. All studies that have been conducted so far on Neosporosis are focused on the prevalence and the diagnosis of the disease in Turkey. In this study, we firstly determined the economic costs due to N. caninum infections and try to attract attention on the economic impacts of the disease. As a result, awareness among breeders regarding the epidemiology, control, and eradication of neosporosis should be raised through training activities; coordination between the relevant institutions and organizations should be ensured; emergency action plans should be prepared; and further spread of the disease should be prevented. Keywords Neospora caninum . Economic costs . Dairy cow . Turkey
Introduction Neospora caninum, one of the most important infectious abortifacient protozoer agents in cows, causes big economic losses in beef and dairy industry worldwide (Khan et al. 2019). In addition to abortion, economic impact of disease is increased due to fetal death, resorption, mummification, stillbirth, decrease in milk yield, infertility, premature culling and slaughtering, and veterinary costs (Hall et al. 2005; Dubey et al. 2007; Reichel et al. 2013; Eşki and Ütük 2018).
* Funda Eşki [email protected] 1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Livestock Economics and Management, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
2
Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
3
Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
Abortion is the primary problem caused by N. caninum at cattle farms. Particularly, the economic costs are directly associated with the value of aborted fetuses. Additional inseminations, potential milk losses, professional help, and replacement of culled animals are among the other direct costs associated with N. caninum (Dubey 2003; Haddad et al. 2005). Although there are few data on the exact losses expressed in USD, some estimates report the annual losse
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