Evaluating the Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains from Algerian Infant Feces: Towards the Design of

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Evaluating the Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains from Algerian Infant Feces: Towards the Design of Probiotic Starter Cultures Tailored for Developing Countries Chahira Gheziel 1 & Pasquale Russo 2 & Mattia Pia Arena 2 & Giuseppe Spano 2 & Hadda-Imene Ouzari 3 & Omar Kheroua 1 & Djamel Saidi 1 & Daniela Fiocco 4 & Hanane Kaddouri 1 & Vittorio Capozzi 2

# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018

Abstract Lactobacilli naturally present in the neonatal gut are believed to be beneficial for the human hosts and are investigated as potential probiotics. In this study, we aimed to characterize six Lactobacillus plantarum strains derived from the feces of a breast-fed infant, for the development of new probiotic cultures. Our attention was focused on L. plantarum in reason of the presence, within such species, of both pro-technological and probiotic strains, i.e., a combination of particular interest to design tailored probiotic starter cultures for developing countries. The bacterial isolates exhibiting lactobacilli-like phenotypic characteristics were identified as members of the L. plantarum group by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and their diversity was evaluated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR patterns. The selected strains were screened for probiotic potential through in vitro tests. Firstly, bacterial survival was evaluated in an in vitro system simulating the human oro-gastrointestinal tract, using also milk as a carrier matrix. Besides, physiological traits such as antibiotic susceptibility, antimicrobial activity against selected enteric pathogens, and adhesion to abiotic surfaces and to gastric mucin were studied. Considering the resistance to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and the results from the biofilm and mucin adhesion tests, a strain-denominated L. plantarum LSC3 was selected for further evaluation of in vitro adhesion ability to intestinal mucosa and immunomodulatory activities. L. plantarum LSC3 was able to adhere efficiently to human enterocyte-like cells (Caco-2 cells), and decreased IL-8 transcription while increasing IL-10 mRNA level, as revealed by transcriptional analysis on LPS-stimulated human (THP-1) macrophages. Our results highlight that L. plantarum LSC3 fulfills major in vitro probiotic criteria as well as interesting immunostimulatory properties, and thus may be a promising candidate for further in vivo studies aiming at the development of novel probiotic starter cultures. Keywords Lactobacillus plantarum . Probiotic . Infant feces isolates . Developing country

Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9396-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Daniela Fiocco [email protected] 1

Laboratory of Physiology of the Nutrition and Food Security, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Oran, 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, 31000 Oran, Algeria

2

Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences

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