Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete Containing Natural Chekneh Pozzolan and Wood Chips
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Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete Containing Natural Chekneh Pozzolan and Wood Chips Moein Khoshroo1 · Ali Akbar Shirzadi Javid2 · Mohamad Shalchiyan3 · Fatemeh Nik4 Received: 5 October 2018 / Accepted: 23 August 2019 © Shiraz University 2019
Abstract In this paper, effects of natural pozzolan, called Chekneh, as a part of cement replacement and wood chips as a part of mix‑ ture aggregates on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete were studied. Nine concrete mixtures proportions within two categories were prepared. In the first category, the properties of concrete were evaluated by adding 10 and 15% of Chekneh pozzolan or wood chips and the second category containing combination of Chekneh pozzolan and wood chips was prepared. The results showed that adding optimal content of natural Chekneh, 10% of cement weight replacement to concrete improves the mechanical properties including flexural, compressive and tensile strength and durability properties of concrete including volumetric water absorption, electrical resistance and rapid chloride permeability. Also, the replacement of 10% wood chips as a part of aggregates causes improvement in mechanical properties of concrete. The combined effect of natural pozzolan and wood chips has the most positive effect on increasing the compressive, tensile and flexural strength in concrete, and the sample which contains 10% pozzolan and 10% wood chips has the most improvement compared to the control sample. Keywords Concrete · Wood chips · Chekneh · Mechanical properties · Durability
1 Introduction Annually, use of concrete in the industry is increasing rap‑ idly, so that, it is estimated that concrete production has reached to 1 ton per person. High consumption in construc‑ tion industry is a main factor that causes damage and pol‑ lution to mineral and natural sources for producing fine and coarse aggregates used in concrete (Gökçe and Şimşek 2013). Extra usage of crushed aggregate in construction leads to elemental substances crisis and causes the devel‑ opment of illegal mines. Today in building industry, the recycling of wastage has been greatly noticed in accordance
* Ali Akbar Shirzadi Javid [email protected] 1
Construction and Engineering Management, Tehran University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
2
School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16765‑163, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
3
Geotechnical Engineering, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
4
Construction and Engineering Management, Karaj Payam Noor University, Karaj, Iran
with the environmental sustainability. Among the existing wastage, the wood waste is one of the costless and read‑ ily available substances (Dasarathy and Thandavamoorthy 2013). Ash and wood waste are used for making cement boards, bricks, blocks and so on. (Ariyaratne et al. 2013; Sorfa 1984; Zziwa et al. 2006; Lamers et al. 2012). Use of wood in the form of ash or chips in concrete provides some better properties (Thandavamoorthya 2015), lower co
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