Influence of slag on mechanical and durability properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Influence of slag on mechanical and durability properties of fly ash‑based geopolymer concrete Ramamohana Reddy Bellum1 · Karthikeyan Muniraj1 · Sri Rama Chand Madduru2 Received: 3 February 2020 / Revised: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 May 2020 © The Korean Ceramic Society 2020
Abstract A geopolymer binder is measured as an alternative and elective material to customary Portland binders. Utilization of Fly ash (FA) as a primary binding material limits the waste creation of thermal power stations and reduces environmental impacts. This paper presents the strength performance of geopolymer concrete (GC) with different proportions of FA and ground granulated blast furnace slag. The potential of GC against acid resistance, porosity, water absorption, and sorptivity is presented in this paper. Apart from this, rapid chloride penetration test was performed to assess the chloride resistance of GC. XRD and SEM analysis was done on selected samples of GC to categorize microstructural performance. The results depicted that mixes M5 and M10 have attained higher compressive strengths, i.e., 49.0 and 57.6 MPa, while the acid durability loss factor values are less by 28% and 19%, respectively compared to other mixes of GC. Keywords Fly ash · Ground granulated blast furnace slag · Geopolymer concrete · Ambient curing · Mechanical properties · Durability
1 Introduction It is a well-recognized reality that global warming is one of the major crises facing by the world presently [1]. The most significant aid for global warming, helping it affect the ecosystems on a vast scale is the greenhouse gases, retaining and re-radiating the sun rays onto the earth’s surface. Making of cement is one of the most predominant contributions of carbon dioxide ( CO2) releases [2]. CO2 emissions from cement production were found to be equivalent to the cement quantity. Research on an alternative material for cement in concrete has been one that has garnered much of the spotlight in the past decade [3]. These researches have led to the emergence of various materials that were found to be effective on a substitute for cement. The most prominent alternatives that have emerged were Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast * Ramamohana Reddy Bellum [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed To Be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur‑522213, A.P., India
Department of Civil Engineering, Sree Chaitanya College of Engineering, Karimnagar, T.S, India
2
Furnace Slag (GGBFS), micro silica, zeolite, metakaolin, and red mud [4]. The continuous research on cement-free concrete has led to the discovery of Geopolymer Concrete (GC) [5]. GC is entirely composed of the substituent cementitious materials mentioned above, with no cement used in the development of concrete [6–8]. Generally, the gain of strength in concrete is achieved through hydration of cement [9]. In GC, hydration does not take place as the cementitious materials were found to be non-reactive with
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