Evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic field protocols in implant osseointegration: in vivo and in vitro study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic field protocols in implant osseointegration: in vivo and in vitro study Camilla Magnoni Moretto Nunes 1 & Camila Lopes Ferreira 1 & Daniella Vicensotto Bernardo 1 & Cássia Carolina Rabelo Lopes 1 & Luma Collino 1 & Victória Clara da Silva Lima 1 & Daphne de Camargo Reis Mello 2 & Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos 2 & Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini 1 Received: 25 June 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objectives The present study aims to evaluate two protocols of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on osseointegration and establish one that addresses ideal parameters for its use in dentistry, especially in the optimization of the implants osseointegration process. Materials and methods Sixty male rats (Wistar) were allocated into three experimental groups: control (GC), test A (GTA, 3 h exposed), and test B (GTB, 1 h exposed). All animals received titanium implants in both tibias, and PEMF application (15 Hz, ± 1 mT, 5 days/week) occurred only in the test groups. They were euthanized at 03, 07, 21, and 45 days after PEMF therapy. Removal torque, histomorphometric measurements, three-dimensional radiographic evaluation, and in vitro biological assay analyses were performed. Results GTB showed better results compared with GTA in removal torque tests, in bone volume and bone mineral density, cell viability, total protein content, and mineralization nodules (p < 0.05). GTA showed better performance in trabecular bone thickness and cell proliferation compared with GTB (p < 0.05), especially at osseointegration early periods. In the histomorphometric analysis and number of trabeculae, there were no differences in the test groups. Conclusion PEMF as a biostimulator was effective in optimizing the events in bone tissue that lead to osseointegration, especially when applied for a shorter time and in the initial periods of bone healing. Clinical relevance The PEMF therapy is an effective alternative method for optimizing bone healing. Keywords Osseointegration . Electromagnetic fields . Bone-anchored implants . Rats
Introduction It is well-established that titanium implants have excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility with bone tissue [1–3]. The bone condition of the recipient bed and at the implant interface are factors which affect the primary implant Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03612-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini [email protected] 1
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Av Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São Dimas, Sao Jose dos Campos, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil
2
Department of Bioscience and Bucal Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Sao Jose dos Campos,
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