Extended phylogenetic analysis of a new Israeli isolate of Brevicoryne brassicae virus (BrBV-IL) suggests taxonomic revi
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Extended phylogenetic analysis of a new Israeli isolate of Brevicoryne brassicae virus (BrBV-IL) suggests taxonomic revision of the genus Iflavirus Neta Luria, Victoria Reingold, Oded Lachman, Noa Sela and Aviv Dombrovsky*
Abstract Background: Brevicoryne brassicae virus (BrBV) is a positive-strand genomic RNA virus which is unassigned tentative member of the genus Iflavirus. BrBv was first identified and characterized in the late 90’s in the cabbage aphid in the United Kingdom (UK) (J Gen Virol 88:2590–2595, 2007) and was fully sequenced, using random amplification of encapsidated RNA. No other reports have been published demonstrating detection of this virus outside the UK. Findings: A new isolate of the cabbage aphid virus Brevicoryne brassicae virus was identified from Brevicoryne brassicae aphids growing on wild mustard plants (Sinapis arvensis) in northern Israel. The virus genome was partially assembled from purified siRNA using the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing System with limited success. Combining classical viral RNA purification and RT-PCR amplification followed by traditional Sanger sequencing enabled obtaining the complete genomic sequence. The Israeli strain of BrBV shared 95 % nucleotide sequence identity with the BrBV found in the United Kingdom. Conclusions: The detection of BrBV in Israel indicates a broader geographical distribution of the virus”. Keywords: Iflavirus, Aphid-infecting virus
Background In the 1990s, aphid-infecting viruses were discovered and characterized; most of them contained an RNA genome. The Cripavirus genus (family Dicistroviridae) includes two aphid viruses: Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) [1–3] and Aphid lethal paralysis virus (ALPV). ALPV was first isolated from the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi [4, 5], then from the oleander aphid, Aphis nerii [6], and recently from the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum [7]. In addition, two unassigned aphid viruses have been reported in previous studies: Acyrthosipon pisum virus (APV) [2] and Brevicoryne brassicae virus (BrBV) [8]. Interestingly, BrBV was first discovered in the United Kingdom (UK) and was fully sequenced using random amplification of encapsidated RNA. The genome organization showed that the new virus belongs to the superfamily of Picorna-like viruses [8] * Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Plant Pathology, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
No other reports have been published demonstrating detection of this virus outside the UK. Moreover, BrBV was detected in an aphid culture infested with aphid parasitoid which showed no increase in virus replication [8]. Currently, BrBV is considered an unassigned virus/tentative member of the genus Iflavirus [9], which includes nine species according to the 2014 report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (http:// www.ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp).
Results From 2009 to 2012, a survey aimed at identifying aphidpathogenic viruses was conducted in Israel to find viruses that might be in
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