Fabrication of cobalt-nickel binary nanowires in a highly ordered alumina template via AC electrodeposition
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NANO EXPRESS
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Fabrication of cobalt-nickel binary nanowires in a highly ordered alumina template via AC electrodeposition Ghafar Ali1,3 and Muhammad Maqbool2*
Abstract Cobalt-nickel (Co-Ni) binary alloy nanowires of different compositions were co-deposited in the nanopores of highly ordered anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates from a single sulfate bath using alternating current (AC) electrodeposition. AC electrodeposition was accomplished without modifying or removing the barrier layer. Field emission scanning electron microscope was used to study the morphology of templates and alloy nanowires. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the deposition of Co-Ni alloy nanowires in the AAO templates. Average diameter of the alloy nanowires was approximately 40 nm which is equal to the diameter of nanopore. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the alloy nanowires consisted of both hexagonal close-packed and face-centered cubic phases. Magnetic measurements showed that the easy x-axis of magnetization is parallel to the nanowires with coercivity of approximately 706 Oe. AC electrodeposition is very simple, fast, and is useful for the homogenous deposition of various secondary nanostuctured materials into the nanopores of AAO. Keywords: Electrochemistry; Anodization; Template; Electrodeposition; Magnetic; Nanowires
Background Porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) attracted a remarkable interest due to the pioneer work of Masuda and Fukuda [1]. Self-organized nanoporous structure with hexagonal ordered morphology can be obtained on a highly pure Al surface via electrochemical anodization in acidic medium [1,2]. AAO is extensively applied in the fields of biosensor [3] and biofiltration [4] and as a nanotemplate [5,6] for the fabrication of secondary nanostructured materials. AAO templates have many advantages over the polycarbonate membranes like high pore density, thermal stability, cost effectiveness and versatility. Pore diameter, length, inter-pore spacing, and pore ordering can be easily tailored by tuning the anodizing parameters such as voltage, time, electrolytes, pH value, and temperature. One-dimensional (1D) nanostructured materials such as nanowires, nanorods, and nanotubes play a special role in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their high aspect ratio (length/diameter) and large surface area. * Correspondence: [email protected] 2 Department of Physics & Astronomy, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47304, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Ferromagnetic (Fe, Co, Ni) nanowires gain a lot of attention of scientific community in the last few decades due to their potential application in the fields of ultra-high density magnetic storage [7], magnetio-electronics [8], high sensitive giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors [9,10]. Co–Ni is an important type of binary ferromagnetic alloys having high mechanical strength [11], good wear resistance [12], anti-corrosive performance [13], and electrocatalytic activity [14,15]. Moreover, the standard
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