Fe 3 O 4 /Graphene Oxide Composite for Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange in Water Treatment
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Journal of Applied Spectroscopy, Vol. 87, No. 4, September, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 87, No. 4, July–August, 2020)
Fe3O4/GRAPHENE OXIDE COMPOSITE FOR ADSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE AND METHYL ORANGE IN WATER TREATMENT M. Khajeh* and A. Barkhordar
UDC 543.42;620.3
Magnetic nanoparticle–graphene oxide (Fe3O4/GO) nanocomposite was synthesized for two reasons: this is a good adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions; and due to its magnetic properties, it can be easily separated from aqueous solution using a magnet. This adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, SEM, and XRD techniques. Several parameters such as pH of the solution, the amount of adsorbent, adsorption time, type and volume of elution solvent, and desorption time were optimized to improve the adsorption recovery. The maximum adsorption recovery was obtained at the optimized solution pH of 6.0 using 10.0 mg adsorbent for 10.0 min. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity was 666.7 and 714.3 mg/g for MB and MO, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was also determined as 0.9 and 1.0 μg/L for MB and MO, respectively. Owing to the good repeatability and reproducibility of this adsorbent, it can be considered as a promising candidate for water treatment purposes. Consequently, this adsorbent was used for the adsorption of MB and MO from natural water samples. Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, graphene oxide, methylene blue, methyl orange, water samples. Introduction. Nowadays, the toxicity of polluted water is mainly due to different synthetic dyes released by the printing, textile, and metallurgy industries [1–3]. The dye industries account for about 20% of all water contamination [4]. The pollution of ground and surface water with synthetic dyes is a serious environmental problem. Dye materials in the effluent of industries are known to be mutagenic, toxic, and carcinogenic [5]. For example, methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB), which are used in wool, silk, and cotton [6, 7], can cause various complications, such as nausea, vomiting, and difficulty in breathing [8]. These compounds are nonbiodegradable and highly resistant to oxidizing agents and light. Due to their chemical stability, their removal is a difficult task [9]. In this regard, it is important to develop efficient procedures to remove dyes, such as MO and MB, from environmental water. Several biological, chemical, and physical methods have been employed to clean up environmental water from these substances [1, 10] among which the adsorption procedure has been widely employed as a promising way due to its low cost, ease of operation, and high removal efficiency [4, 11]. Different traditional adsorbents such as biomaterial, inorganic material, and activated carbon have been applied for the removal of these compounds. However, these sorbents suffer from several disadvantages such as low efficiency and adsorption capacity due to their few active sites, narrow pore diameter, and low surface area [1, 4]. In
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