Flame retardant composites of ladder phenyl/vinyl polysilsesquioxane-reinforced vinyl ester
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Flame retardant composites of ladder phenyl/vinyl polysilsesquioxane-reinforced vinyl ester Weiwei Zhang1, Zhaolu Qin1, Yanhua Lan2, Xin Zhang1, Wenchao Zhang1,*, Yetang Pan1, and Rongjie Yang1 1
National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China 2 School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Received: 20 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 1 September 2020
An unsaturated ladder phenyl/vinyl polysilsesquioxane (PhVPOSS) was synthesized and applied to vinyl ester resin (VER) thermosets. The compatibility, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and combustion behavior of the VER-PhVPOSS composites were further investigated. As a result, the PhVPOSS and VER had a good compatibility and interaction based on the solubility parameters and Flory–Huggins parameters. PhVPOSS provided the VER with a significantly enhanced bending strength, thermal stability, and smoke-suppression effect. When 20 wt% PhVPOSS was added, the bending strength, flexural modulus, and breaking force increased by195.6%, 260.6%, and 196.6% compared with pure VER. The peak heat release rate, total smoke release, and specific optical density decreased by 52.2%, 20.7%, and 15.7%, respectively. These favorable characteristics indicated that PhVPOSS had a good application prospect in unsaturated polyester resin.
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05281-3
J Mater Sci
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
Introduction Vinyl ester resins (VERs) are a typical thermosetting polymer and unsaturated polyester resin and are usually manufactured from the reaction of epoxy resin and unsaturated carboxylic acid, which are solid and can be dissolved in a certain proportion in styrene. The molecular structure contain unsaturated double bonds at both ends (the specific structure is shown in Fig. 1), and the curing mechanism is rapid radical polymerization. VERs are inexpensive, easy to process, and exhibit high chemical and hydrolytic Figure 1 Chemical structures and molecular models of vinyl ester resin.
resistances, and excellent insulation properties and corrosion resistance [1–3]. For these reasons, VERs are used extensively in thermoset adhesives, electronic appliances, optical fiber coatings, and printed circuit boards in the construction, automobile, naval, and aerospace industries [4–6]. Unmodified VERs exhibit an easy combustibility, high smoke release, poor thermal stability, and unsatisfactory mechanical properties, which restricts their application in fields with high comprehensive performance requirements. The development of new composite materials that are expected to replace metals in most industrial sectors has attracted attention [7]. According to
J Mater Sci
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