Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
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by the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and hence Fe(III)reducing prokaryotes have to reduce large quantities of Fe(III) to sustain cell metabolism. Due to the complex geochemistry of iron, acidophilic and neutrophilic Fe(III)-reducing prokaryotes have to cope with different iron species: Fe(III) minerals are soluble only below a pH value of 3. At circumneutral pH, Fe(III) is only poorly soluble and significantly less energy can be gained by Fe(III) respiration compared to aerobic respiration. However, Fe(III) is the dominant electron acceptor in many anoxic habitats and prokaryotes developed different strategies for its utilization.
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