G-Quadruplex DNA Methods and Protocols
Recent work has revealed that stabilizing G-quadruplexes in telomeric DNA inhibits telomerase activity, providing impetus for the development of G-quartet-interacting drugs, while G-quartet-containing oligonucleotides have been recognized as a potent clas
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Molecular Biology™
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
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G-Quadruplex DNA Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Peter Baumann Howard Hughes Medical Institute Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
Editor Peter Baumann Howard Hughes Medical Institute Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas City, MO USA and Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, KS USA [email protected]
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-58829-950-5 e-ISBN 978-1-59745-363-9 DOI 10.1007/978-1-59745-363-9 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009933115 © Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface A square planar arrangement of four guanine bases was first proposed to explain the unusual property of guanosine to form gels. This G-quartet structure may have easily remained an odd curiosity, if it wasn’t for the intriguing possibility that such interactions of guanosine bases have functions in biology. Chromosome termini in most eukaryotes are comprised of repetitive, G-rich DNA sequences that can form remarkably stable stacks of G-quartets, often referred to as G-quadruplexes. The observations that G-quadruplex structures form readily in vitro under physiological conditions and that suitable sequences are present at the ends of chromosomes of most eukaryotes have prompted much interest in the role of G-quartets in biology. Recent reports have provided experimental support for physiological functions of G-quartets not just as telomere
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