Green Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanostructures and Investigation of Their Synergistic Effect with Moxifloxacin Against S
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Green Synthesis of Silver Oxide Nanostructures and Investigation of Their Synergistic Effect with Moxifloxacin Against Selected Microorganisms Sirajul Haq1 · Khawaja Ansar Yasin1 · Wajid Rehman2 · Muhammad Waseem3 · Muhammad Naeem Ahmed1 · Muhammad Imran Shahzad4 · Nadia Shahzad5 · Amreen Shah6 · Mahfooz Ur Rehman2 · Basharat Khan2 Received: 17 July 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The Daphne alpina (D. alpina) mediated silver oxide nanoparticles ( Ag2O-NPs) were synthesized and loaded with moxifloxacin (MAg2O-NPs) using sonochemical process. The surface area and pore parameters were determined through Brunauer– Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda methods using N 2 adsorption–desorption data. The mixed phase (cubic, tetragonal and hexagonal) synthesis of Ag2O-NPs and loading of moxifloxacin was confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis and the average crystallite size for Ag2O-NPs and MAg2O-NPs were 38.52 and 41.03 nm respectively. The transmission and scanning electron microscopies were utilized to study surface morphology, indicate that the visible boundaries disappeared after the functionalization of A g2O-NPs with moxifloxacin. The chemical composition of both samples was analyzed via energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Agar well diffusion method was followed to test the Ag2O-NPs and MAg2O-NPs against selected microorganism. The bactericidal and fungicidal effects of M Ag2O-NPs were significantly higher than the Ag2O-NPs. Keywords Silver · Nanoparticle · Moxifloxacin · Functionalized · Antimicrobial
1 Introduction Globally the antimicrobial resistance is a tough challenge to treat some common infection resulting in illness and deaths. The drug resistant microbial (DRM) strains developed * Sirajul Haq [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
2
Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
3
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
4
Nanosciences and Technology Department (NS & TD), National Center for Physics (NCP), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
5
US‑Pakistan Centre for Advanced Studies in Energy, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
6
Department of Microbiology, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
because of inappropriate and extensive use of broad spectrum antibiotics, which increases the cost of health-care many folds [1]. Thus, the health care study is focusing on the on the production of cost effective, non-toxic and novel antimicrobial agents [2–4]. The functionalization of nanomaterials with biologically active compounds led to the formation of advance materials having unique physiochemical and therapeutic properties [5]. These materials have ultrafine size with large surface to volume ratio, highly active and are compatible for surface modifications [6]. Several
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