Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Caesalpinia pulcherrima Leaf Extract and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial,
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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Caesalpinia pulcherrima Leaf Extract and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential (3‑in‑1 System) Pooja Moteriya1 · Sumitra Chanda2 Received: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts is popular because of its ease, simplicity and wide applications. Here we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Caesalpinia pulcherrima leaf extract. Optimization of various parameters like boiling time for plant extract preparation, concentration of plant extract and silver nitrate, pH and incubation time of reaction mixture were standardized. AgNPs were synthesized using standardized and optimized param‑ eters. The characterization of synthesized AgNPs was done by various spectroscopic methods. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed characteristic peak at 410 nm, FTIR analysis indicated the presence of alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters and ethers. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of AgNPs while TEM revealed the particles to be spherical in shape with an average size of 9 nm. The synthesized AgNPs showed good antimicrobial activity especially more against Gram negative bacteria. The cytotoxicity effect was dose dependent and genotoxic study revealed non toxic nature at lower concentration. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Green synthesis · silver nanoparticles · Characterization · Antimicrobial activity · Cytotoxicity
* Sumitra Chanda [email protected] 1
Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India
Department of Biosciences (UGC‑CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360 005, India
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1 Introduction Nanotechnology is an exciting and important interdisci‑ plinary science which brings together diverse scientific disciplines such as biology, chemistry, material science and physics. It is the most revolutionary technological
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innovations of twenty-first century. Particles with size up to 100 nm are considered as nanoparticles; they have unique physical and chemical properties because of their high surface area to volume ratio. They exhibit entirely new properties other than that of the bulk material of which they are made up of. Their unique optical, elec‑ tronic, mechanical, magnetic and chemical properties are significantly different from those of bulk materials. Nano‑ particles can be synthesized from various metals like gold, silver, zinc, copper, palladium, titanium, etc. but silver nanoparticles have received much attention due to its wide applications even in ionic and atomic states. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be synthesized by dif‑ ferent physical, chemical and biological methods. Some of the physical and chemical methods are microwave irradiation [1], reversed micelle processes [2], electro‑ chemical reduction [3], radiation [4], Langmuir–Blodg‑ ett [5], etc. They are numerous in number but there are many disadvantages for eg. They ar
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