Harnessing pongamia shell hydrolysate for triacylglycerol agglomeration by novel oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula pacifica I
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Biotechnology for Biofuels Open Access
RESEARCH
Harnessing pongamia shell hydrolysate for triacylglycerol agglomeration by novel oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula pacifica INDKK Kukkala Kiran Kumar1, Farha Deeba1, Sauraj2, Yuvraj Singh Negi2 and Naseem A. Gaur1*
Abstract Background: To meet the present transportation demands and solve food versus fuel issue, microbial lipid-derived biofuels are gaining attention worldwide. This study is focussed on high-throughput screening of oleaginous yeast by microwave-aided Nile red spectrofluorimetry and exploring pongamia shell hydrolysate (PSH) as a feedstock for lipid production using novel oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula pacifica INDKK. Results: A new oleaginous yeast R. pacifica INDKK was identified and selected for microbial lipid production. R. pacifica INDKK produced maximum 12.8 ± 0.66 g/L of dry cell weight and 6.78 ± 0.4 g/L of lipid titre after 120 h of growth, showed high tolerance to pre-treatment-derived inhibitors such as 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF), (2 g/L), furfural (0.5 g/L) and acetic acid (0.5 g/L), and ability to assimilate C3, C5 and C6 sugars. Interestingly, R. pacifica INDKK showed higher lipid accumulation when grown in alkali-treated saccharified PSH (AS-PSH) (0.058 ± 0.006 g/L/h) as compared to acid-treated detoxified PSH (AD-PSH) (0.037 ± 0.006 g/L/h) and YNB medium (0.055 ± 0.003 g/L/h). The major fatty acid constituents are oleic, palmitic, linoleic and linolenic acids with an estimated cetane number (CN) of about 56.7, indicating the good quality of fuel. Conclusion: These results suggested that PSH and R. pacifica INDKK could be considered as potential feedstock for sustainable biodiesel production. Keywords: Pongamia shell hydrolysate, Rhodotorula pacifica INDKK, Microwave-aided Nile red screening, Triacylglycerol, Biodiesel Background Global population is increasing exponentially and likely to reach ~ 8.6 billion by 2030, raising big concerns about energy [1]. Demand for plant oils has also been shooting up in parallel since they have many industrial applications like epoxy biopolymers [2], drug delivery systems [3], bio-lubricants [4], pharmaceuticals [4] and biodiesel [5]. However, plant oil-derived biodiesel production has raised many questions related to the sustainable use of *Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
food crops for cleaner energy production [6]. Therefore, oleaginous microbes having fatty acid profile similar to vegetable oils are considered as suitable alternative for biodiesel [7]. Among oleaginous microbes, micro-algae are being widely used for lipid production, but it requires vast region of land for large-scale cultivation, longer incubation time and specific light exposure [8]. Currently, oleaginous yeasts are of special interest as they can produce high lipid titres in short duration and require limited space [9]. Additionally
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