Health and motivation as mediators of the effects of job demands, job control, job support, and role conflicts at work a
- PDF / 657,836 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 67 Downloads / 190 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Health and motivation as mediators of the effects of job demands, job control, job support, and role conflicts at work and home on sickness presenteeism and absenteeism G. Aronsson1 · J. Hagberg2 · C. Björklund2 · E. Aboagye2,5 · S. Marklund3 · C. Leineweber4 · G. Bergström2,5 Received: 14 February 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose The first objective was to contribute to a better understanding of the contrasting and paradoxical results in studies of work environment factors and sickness presence and sickness absence. A second objective was to examine if, and under what conditions, employees choose to replace sickness absence with sickness presence, i.e., so-called substitution. Methods The study utilizes a large body of cross-sectional questionnaire data (n = 130,161) gathered in Sweden from 2002 to 2007 in connection with a comprehensive health promotion initiative. Health and motivation were analyzed as mediators of the effects of five job factors, job control, job support, job demand, role conflict and “work to family conflict” on sickness presence and absence. Results The results concerning job demands indicate substitution in that increased job demands are associated with increased presenteeism and reduced absenteeism. The direct effect of higher job support was increased absenteeism, but via the health and motivation paths, the total effect of more social support was health-promoting and associated with a reduction in sickness absence and sickness presence. High job control emerged as the most pronounced health-promoting factor, reducing sickness presenteeism as well as absenteeism. More role conflicts and work-to-family conflicts were directly and indirectly associated with decreased health and increased absenteeism as well as presenteeism. earlier research. Conclusion The mediation analyzes shed light on some of the paradoxes in research on sickness presenteeism and sickness absenteeism, especially regarding job demands and job support. The substitution effect is important for workplace policy and occupational health practice. Keywords Sickness absence · Sickness presenteeism · Mediation · Job resources · Job demands · Job support
Introduction * G. Bergström [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
2
Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
3
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
4
Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
5
Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
The main reason for sickness absence is reduced ability to work due to illness. Although sickness absence may sometimes be the only possible option, the choice to engage in sickness absenteeism, or its alternative, sickne
Data Loading...
