The role of transformational leadership, job demands and job resources for patient safety culture in Norwegian nursing h
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(2020) 20:799
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
The role of transformational leadership, job demands and job resources for patient safety culture in Norwegian nursing homes: a cross-sectional study Camilla Seljemo* , Petter Viksveen and Eline Ree
Abstract Background: Transformational leadership style is considered to be of importance to increase patient safety, to facilitate a balance between job resources and job demands, and to create a sound patient safety culture within health care services. However, there is limited research assessing these associations within the context of nursing homes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between transformational leadership, job demands and job resources; and patient safety culture and employees’ overall perception of patient safety in nursing homes. Method: A cross-sectional survey of employees in four Norwegian nursing homes was conducted (N = 165). Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess the explained variance of transformational leadership, job demands and job resources on patient safety culture and overall perception of patient safety. Results: Transformational leadership explained 47.2% of the variance in patient safety culture and 25.4% of overall perception of patient safety, controlling for age and gender (p < 0.001). Additionally, job demands and job resources explained 7.8% of patient safety culture and 4.7% of overall perception of patient safety (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Implementing transformational leadership style may be important in creating and sustaining sound patient safety culture in nursing homes. Furthermore, leaders should make an effort to facilitate a good work environment with an optimal balance between job demands and job resources, as this in turn might have a positive influence on patient safety culture. Keywords: Transformational leadership, Nursing homes, Patient safety culture, Patient safety, Job demands, Job resources
Background Patient safety and patient safety culture has in recent years been the subject of extensive research, but most of the research has been carried out in hospitals [1]. Mortality rates due to adverse medical effects are 20 times higher for older patients (70 years+), compared to those who are younger (15–49 years) [2]. Improving patient * Correspondence: [email protected] SHARE – Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
safety measures within the health care services is therefore particularly important for the elderly. A retrospective record review estimated that over 70% of adverse events in home care are preventable [3]. An increasing number of older people are in need of long-term health care services outside the hospital setting due to medical advances and decreasing disease-related mortality [4, 5]. People live longer, though often with chronic diseases or symptoms causing health loss [6]. An increasing proportion of older people is and will continue
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