Heparin - A Century of Progress
Heparins remain amongst the most commonly used drugs in clinical practice. Almost 100 years have passed since the initial discovery of this complex substance and, during this time, understanding of the nature and uses of heparin and related molecule
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Volume 207
Editor-in-Chief F.B. Hofmann, München
Editorial Board J.E. Barrett, Philadelphia J.A. Beavo, Seattle, WA D. Ganten, Berlin P. Geppetti, Florence M.C. Michel, Ingelheim C.P. Page, London W. Rosenthal, Berlin
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/164
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Rebecca Lever
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Barbara Mulloy
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Editors
Heparin - A Century of Progress
Clive P. Page
Editors Rebecca Lever School of Pharmacy University of London London United Kingdom
Barbara Mulloy National Institute for Biological Standards and Control Potters Bar, Hertfordshire South Mimms United Kingdom
Clive P. Page Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology King’s College London London United Kingdom
ISSN 0171-2004 e-ISSN 1865-0325 ISBN 978-3-642-23055-4 e-ISBN 978-3-642-23056-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-23056-1 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2012931938 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
It will shortly be the 100th anniversary of the discovery of heparin by Jay McLean in 1916, so a volume dedicated to the enormous progress that has since been made in the understanding and clinical exploitation of this complex biomolecule is particularly timely. The present volume has the principal aim of recording the current state of affairs concerning the use and study of heparin; in addition, we have tried to record the progress made, particularly within the last 30 years, a period full of incident in this field. For this reason, we begin with a chapter on the history of heparin (Barrowcliffe), before going on to outline what is currently known about its biosynthesis (Carlsson and Kjellen) and the molecular basis for its anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity (Gray et al.) The number and variety of heparin products in use rose dramatically with the development of the low-molecular-weight heparins. These are now among the most commonly used drugs and are commercially very important indeed, all of which has provided the impetus for development of the advanced techniques of standardisation (Gray) and characterisation (Mulloy) addressed in Part II of t
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