High-Frequency Interdigitated Array Electrode-Based Capacitive Biosensor for Protein Detection
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Original Article
High-Frequency Interdigitated Array Electrode-Based Capacitive Biosensor for Protein Detection Tuan Vu Quoc1,2, Viet Nguyen Ngoc2,3, Tung Thanh Bui3, Chun-Ping Jen2 & Trinh Chu Duc
3,
*
Received: 16 May, 2019 / Accepted: 11 November, 2019 / Published online: 17 December, 2019 ⒸThe Korean BioChip Society and Springer 2019
Abstract This paper reports a study on developing of a protein detection biochip based on interdigitated array electrodes (IDAEs) capacitive immunosensor. The protein after being preconcentrated in a detection region will be selectively captured and detected by the capacitive immunosensor. Using electrical impedance spectroscopy operated at high-frequency in the range of 100 kHz–1 MHz, the capacitance of the gold electrode is determined and the antibody surface modification steps can be also monitored. The experiment results show the capacitance changes in accordance with the adding biochemical layer on gold electrodes for each step of the antibody surface modification. In particular, the total impedance operated at 1 MHz frequency has been seen to change from 2.1 kΩ of bare chip (before antibody surface modification) to 8 kΩ after antibody surface modification process while the serial capacitance is recorded to reduce steadily from 450 pF to 55 pF. Also, the efficiency of protein chip was investigated by implementing the measurement of 10 µM BSA with and without preconcentration process. The measurement results have shown the sensitivity increasing significantly after the protein is preconcentrated in this chip. The results demonstrate high efficiency of protein detection can be achieved by operating high frequency capacitive measurement on IDAEs capacitive immunosensor. 1 Institute of Applied Physics and Scientific Instrument, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, R.O.C. 3 University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam *Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Trinh Chu Duc ( [email protected])
Keywords: Capacitive immunosensor, Interdigitated array electrodes, Protein preconcentration, Protein detection, Impedance spectroscopy
Introduction Protein detection based on immunoassay methods plays an important role in diagnosing, monitoring and treating diseases, especially for cancer1–7. In the comparison of DNA analysis and protein analysis, the protein analysis is especially valuable because proteins are more direct mediators of normal and diseased cellular processes3. A number of proteins have been recorded increasing expression levels in malignant breast tissues1. The determination of the protein content of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor, PAI-1, in breast cancer tissue have been implemented to identify risks of disease recurrence (metastasis) or early death5. Currently, in addition to the development of immunoassay methods, protein preconcentration implemented by biomicrof
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