Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Energy Schemes for Hierarchical Cluster Based Routing Protocols in WSN: A Survey
Recent technological advances in WSN’s have led to so many new hierarchical cluster based protocols especially designed for sensor networks where energy metric is essentially concerned to increase the network life time. Therefore the energy of the sensor
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Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Energy Schemes for Hierarchical Cluster Based Routing Protocols in WSN: A Survey M. Jagadeeswara Reddy, P. Suman Prakash and P. Chenna Reddy
Abstract Recent technological advances in WSN’s have led to so many new hierarchical cluster based protocols especially designed for sensor networks where energy metric is essentially concerned to increase the network life time. Therefore the energy of the sensor node is a crucial parameter in the protocol design to increase the lifetime of a sensor node in the network. In this concern much research already done in recent years, analysis different aspects like as, energy efficiency, power consumption, routing, Quality-of-service, cluster formation and so on. Each routing protocol is examined and explore under hierarchal type. In this paper we mainly focus on surveying hierarchal cluster based routing protocols for two different environments such as homogeneous and heterogeneous.
70.1 Introduction Recent advances in wireless communications technology and MEMS and low power and integrated digital electronics have enabled the development and deployment of low energy, tiny, micro-sensors in a Wireless sensor Networks (WSN) [1–5]. WSN’s are emerging technologies for current century [6, 7]. These huge no of sensors are distributed anonymously to detect and monitor physical or environmental conditions such as vibration, pressure, temperature, sound etc. [1] and provides opportunities for a wide variety applications like as battle field monitoring, civilian and military applications [8]. Initially wireless sensor networks are motivated by military applications now used in many application areas M. Jagadeeswara Reddy (&) P. Suman Prakash P. Chenna Reddy CSE, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University College of Engineering, Pulivendula, India
V. V. Das (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Trends in Information, Telecommunication and Computing, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 150, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3363-7_70, Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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Fig. 70.1 Classification of clustering protocols
wild animal monitoring, home automation, health care applications, asset tracking. Clustering topology [9] is requires for organizing nodes, efficient data gathering, data aggregation [10], and reduced redundant transmissions and so on.
70.2 Related Work WSN’s are emerged research area from both the real-time users and research community. Previous researcher are focused on several routing protocols in the order of LEACH [9], TEEN [10], APTEEN [11], PEGASIS [12], SEP [13], HEED [14], EECS [15], DEEC [16], H-HEED [17], ACE [18], TPC [19], E-LEACH [20], TL-LEACH [21], M-LEACH [22], LEACH-C [23] and V-LEACH [24] and so on.
70.3 Cluster-Based Routing Protocols in WSN The Clustering Protocols [3] can be also categorized into two subclasses: the clustering algorithm homogeneous schemes (same energy levels), heterogeneous clustering schemes (different energy’s and environments),
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